Les alcoolisations à risque sont fréquentes chez les étudiants en médecine. Dans une étude transversale menée au sein de la faculté de médecine de Paris VII, un bref auto-questionnaire a été proposé. Nous nous sommes intéressés à une prévalence de ce comportement et à ses associations éventuelles à une consommation maximale, à des caractéristiques sociodémographiques, des aspects cliniques, à une co-consommation d’autres substances et enfin à un lien avec un trouble de l’usage de tabac ou d’alcool. Parmi 302 étudiants, 74,8 % rapportent au moins une alcoolisation à risque dans les deux dernières semaines du recueil. Ils déclarent en moyenne 2,4 (SD, 1,6) épisodes dans les deux dernières semaines avec une consommation maximale de 10,3 (SD, 4,6) verres. Nous avons trouvé une association significative entre le nombre d’alcoolisation à risque et la consommation maximale de verres d’alcool (p=0,004). Les buveurs à risque consommaient le plus souvent dans un contexte festif (p=0,029) et recherchaient plus fréquemment l’ivresse (p<0,001) et une fuite des préoccupations quotidiennes (p=0,004). Ils expérimentaient plus de conséquences négatives comme black-out (p<0,001), comportements agressifs (p=0,002), conduite en état d’ébriété (p=0,025), rapports sexuels à risque (p=0,010) et recours à des soins d’urgences (p=0,047). Les buveurs à risque co-consommaient plus de tabac (p<0,001) ou de substances illégales (p<0,001) et présentaient plus d’usage problématique d’alcool (p<0,001) et de dépendance au tabac (p=0,007). Aux vues de nos résultats préoccupants, il nous paraît nécessaire de développer des programmes de prévention au sein de cette population particulière.

Binge drinking is widespread in medical students but is poorly studied in France. The aim was to evaluate the number of binge drinking episodes and to better characterize them among a sample of French medical students.

We carried out a cross-sectional study at Paris VII's Faculty of Medicine. Through a brief self-questionnaire we focused on the prevalence rate of binge drinking in the past two weeks and examined the associations between hazardous drinking and the number of drinks consumed, demographic data (gender, age, familial status and student fraternity membership), clinical aspects (context, intended effects and adverse consequences), tobacco or illegal substances use, and eventual relationship with alcohol or tobacco use disorders.

Among 302 medical students, 74.8% of them experienced at least one binge-drinking episode in the last two weeks. There was no significant difference in demographic data. However, the association between binge drinking and to living alone was borderline significant (P=0.051). Students experienced on mean 2.4 (SD, 1.6) episodes in the last two weeks and their mean maximum number of drinks was equal to 10.3 (SD, 4.6). We observed a significant association between the number binge drinking episodes and the mean maximum consumption of alcohol drinks (P=0.004). The maximum quantity of alcohol drinks was significantly higher (P<0.001) in students who experienced two binge-drinking episodes (mean=11.23, SD=4.56), compared to those who experienced only one episode (mean=9.04, SD=3.96). Binge drinkers were more likely to consume alcohol at a party than at a friendly drink (P=0.029) and more frequently sought drunkenness (P<0.001) and to escape from daily concerns (P=0.004). They experienced more negative events like black-outs (P<0.001), aggressive behaviors (P=0.002), drunk driving (P=0.025), unsafe sexual relationships (P=0.010) and need of emergency responders (P=0.047). Binge drinkers were more likely to simultaneously consume tobacco (P<0.001) or illegal substances (P<0.001), and presented more alcohol use disorder (P<0.001) and tobacco-dependence (P=0.007).

This first French study in 302 medical students has highlighted the extent of binge drinking in this specific population. The threshold of two binge-drinking episodes in two weeks may be useful to identify a distinctive pattern of consumption and set up adequate prevention actions. Finally binge drinking seemed to be close to an addictive process. Our findings support the need to develop targeted prevention programs in French medical students, which could be designed around several interventions in campuses and student parties. Cohort studies could be necessary to provide an epidemiological follow-up of the French medical student population, particularly about the risk of alcohol use disorder.