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Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology
Sous presse. Epreuves corrigées par l'auteur. Disponible en ligne depuis le samedi 21 avril 2012
Doi : 10.1016/j.clinre.2012.03.022
Acute liver failure in children and adolescents
 

Anil Dhawan ⁎
Paediatric hepatology, Paediatric Liver, GI and Nutrition Centre, King’s College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 9RS, United Kingdom 

Tel.: +44 2032 994 408; fax: +44 2032 994 228.
Summary

Acute liver failure is a severe and sudden onset of hepatocyte dysfunction, leading on to synthetic and detoxification failure, which could progress to multi-organ failure and death. Common causes vary with age and geographical location. Metabolic liver diseases are frequent in the young child, sometimes amenable to a specific treatment or prenatal diagnosis. In older children, viruses, toxics, metabolic diseases (especially Wilson), autoimmune hepatitis are the main causes. Management should be initiated in conjunction with investigations, as soon as liver failure is diagnosed. The patients should be early transferred to an expert centre, where complications can be prevented and liver transplantation is possible. Improved intensive care management and availability of donor organs (split livers or living-related donors) has made it possible to transplant young children, and improved their survival chances.

OutlineMasquer le plan
Highlights
Definition
Coagulopathy
Aetiology
Viral hepatitis
Drugs and toxins
Metabolic disorders
Neonatal hemochromatosis
Autoimmune hepatitis
Other causes
Investigations  (+)
Management  (+)
Disclosure of interest


© 2012  Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.
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