To evaluate feasibility of office hysteroscopy in postmenopausal women and correlation between transvaginal ultrasound (TV-US) and hysteroscopy.

Postmenopausal women addressed at office hysteroscopy for postmenopausal bleeding or increase endometrial thickness were included. A 3.5-mm rigid hysteroscope was used without cervical dilatation or local anaesthesia. Speculum was never used. Data concerning women's symptoms and TV-US findings were collected.

Four-hundred-seventy postmenopausal women referred for office hysteroscopy were included in this descriptive study. Three-hundred-fifty women (74.5%) experienced abnormal uterine bleeding. The success rate of office hysteroscopy was 76.4% and was significantly higher in cases of postmenopausal bleeding (80.9%) than in women without postmenopausal bleeding (63.3%) (p=0.01).

Three-hundred-sixteen women had both a successful hysteroscopy and TV-US. The correlation between hysteroscopy and TV-US was 68.5% for the diagnosis of increased endometrial thickness, polyps and submucosal myoma (Kappa=0.28). The rate of endometrial cancer for women with postmenopausal bleeding was 12.6% (n=44) while it was 1.7% (n=2) for asymptomatic women.

Two (4.3%) out of these 46 women with endometrial cancer had normal hysteroscopy, while 7 (15.2%) had a normal TV-US (including endometrial thickness below 5mm).

Among the 54 women without bleeding and with a thickened endometrium, one (1.8%) had endometrial cancer.

Office hysteroscopy is successful without anaesthesia for 76.4% of postmenopausal women. The correlation between TV-US and hysteroscopy is low, and we recommend to practice both sonography and hysteroscopy in women with postmenopausal bleeding.