The renin-angiotensin system as a target to solve the riddle of endocrine pancreas homeostasis - 09/12/18
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| pages | 7 |
| Iconographies | 3 |
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Highlights |
• | Local renin-angiotensin system alterations threatens pancreatic islet function and favors DM2 onset. |
• | Compromised GSIS has a role in endocrine pancreas dysfunction and islet remodelling. |
• | We reviewed the influence of different RAS blockade on islet remodeling and GSIS. |
• | Angiotensin receptor blockers rescue islet glucose sensing, with structural enhancement. |
• | Targeting ACE2 axis emerges as a promising tool to enhance islet lifespan. |
Abstract |
Local renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in the pancreas is linked to the modulation of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in beta cells and insulin sensitivity in target tissues, emerging as a promising tool in the prevention and/or treatment of obesity, diabetes, and systemic arterial hypertension. Insulin resistance alters pancreatic islet cell distribution and morphology and hypertrophied islets exhibit upregulated angiotensin II type 1 receptor, which drives oxidative stress, apoptosis, and fibrosis, configuring beta cell dysfunction and diminishing islet lifespan. Pharmacological modulation of RAS has shown beneficial effects in diet-induced obesity model, mainly related to the translational potential that angiotensin receptor blockers and ECA2/ANG (1-7)/MAS receptor axis modulation have when it comes to islet preservation and type 2 diabetes prevention and/or treatment. This review describes the existing evidence for different approaches to blocking RAS elements in the management of insulin resistance and diabetes and focuses on islet remodeling and GSIS in rodents and humans.
Le texte complet de cet article est disponible en PDF.Keywords : Pancreas, Islet, Local renin-angiotensin system, GSIS, AT1R
Plan
Vol 109
P. 639-645 - janvier 2019 Retour au numéro
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