To determine the relationship between blood pressure (BP), lipid metabolism and levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Ninety six patients with T2DM (mean age 52.74±9.56, 38 women) were examined, and 20 healthy volunteers. A systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were measured; levels of total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL)were determined. The levels of IL-1-β and IL-6 were determined by the immune-enzymatic method.

SBP (mmHg) in main group −141.76±1.31, in control group - 120.75±1.51; DAT (mmHg)–88.43±0.68 and 77.75±0.85, respectively; MAP −106.23±0.87 and 92.08±0.98, respectively (P<0.05). TC (mmol/L) in the main group was 5.29±0.15, in the control group−4,06±0.05; TG (mmol/L) 1.20±0.02 and 1.3±0.03, respectively; LDL (mmol/L) 3.28±0.14 and 2.01±0.04, respectively (P<0.05). IL-1β (ng/mL) in main group was 13.58±0.29, control group −8.12±0.24; IL-6 (ng/mL) 12.37±0.3 and 8.83±0.22, respectively (P<0.05). Significant correlations were revealed between the studied indices in the main group: SBP and TC (r=0.29), SBP and TG (r=0.28), SBP and LDL (r=0.28), SBP and IL-1β (r=0.41), SBP and IL-6 (r=0.25); DBT and IL-1β (r=0.25); MAP and TC (r=0.26), MAP and TG (r=0.29), MAP and LDL (r=0.27), MAP and IL-1β (r=0.39), MAP and IL-6 (r=0.28). There were no significant correlations in the control group.

The revealed interrelations indicate that the risk of arterial hypertension is increased even with a slight elevation of BP in patients with T2DM. The reasons for this include not only the increase of vascular resistance and the decrease of the elasticity of the vascular wall, but also the progression of dyslipidemia and deployment of systemic inflammatory response due to the increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6.