Assessment of facial symmetry by three-dimensional stereophotogrammetry after mandibular reconstruction: A comparison with subjective assessment - 22/04/20

Doi : 10.1016/j.jormas.2020.04.003

N. Ueda ^a,⁎ , Y. Imai ^a,^b, N. Yamakawa ^a, T. Yagyuu ^a, S. Tamaki ^a,^c, C. Nakashima ^a, M. Nakagawa ^a, T. Kirita ^a
^a Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nara Medical University, 840, Shijo-cho, Kashihara, 634-8522 Nara, Japan
^b Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Rakuwakai-Otowa Hospital, 2, Chinji-cho, Yamashina-ku, 607-8062 Kyoto, Japan
^c Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Takai Hospital, 470–8, Kuranosho-cho, Tenri, 632-0006 Nara, Japan

^⁎Corresponding author.

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Abstract

Introduction

The assessment of facial symmetry, after mandibular reconstruction, currently relies on subjective esthetic assessment by an evaluator. The present study aimed to compare conventional subjective assessment with quantitative evaluation by three-dimensional (3D) stereophotogrammetry of facial cosmetic symmetry.

Methods

This retrospective study enrolled 20 patients who underwent mandibular reconstruction with free fibula flap after segmental resection between 2014 and 2018. Subjective assessments were performed by seven clinicians at 6–12 months after surgery. Simultaneously, lower face symmetry was measured by 3D stereophotogrammetry with the VECTRA H1 system and recorded as the root mean square deviation (RMSD). Data from the subjective and quantitative evaluations were compared using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient.

Results

The results showed that subjective assessments were strongly and negatively correlated with RMSD (P=0.00000128). This confirmed that RMSD, obtained by 3D stereophotogrammetry, reflected the subjective assessment of symmetry in our cohort.

Conclusions

Three-dimensional stereophotogrammetry of facial cosmetic symmetry will be an available quantitative method for patients with head and neck cancer after mandibular reconstruction.

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Keywords : Mandibular reconstruction, Stereophotogrammetry, Oral cancer, Head and neck cancer, Subjective assessment, Objective assessment

Abbreviations : BCT, ICP, RMSD