Cette communication basée sur une revue de la littérature résume les échelles les plus appropriées qui mesurent la résilience dans le domaine de la psychiatrie adulte, et liste les principales dimensions cliniques étudiées dans les articles de recherche. Le but de cette communication est de donner une brève liste des principales échelles de mesure de la résilience aux institutions psychiatriques accueillant des patients adultes, que nous considérons être les plus pertinentes pour mesurer la résilience.

Une étude de la littérature a été faite sur Pubmed en analysant les articles entre 2016 et 2019, utilisant les termes « resilience scales in psychiatry » et « resilience scales in psychology ». Un total de 278 articles existe. Cinquante articles concernant plus précisément la santé mentale en psychiatrie adulte ont été gardés, et nous avons regardé quelles échelles d’évaluation de la résilience ont été utilisées dans ces recherches, ainsi que les dimensions cliniques étudiées.

Au final, nous avons gardé six échelles que nous estimons être les plus adaptées en psychiatrie adulte et nous les avons décrites succinctement. Cette communication est donc un mini-guide pour d’éventuelles futures recherches dans le domaine.

This communication based on a literature review, summarizes the most appropriate evaluation scales which measure resilience in adult psychiatry, and lists the principal clinical dimensions studied in the articles on the topic. The objective of this communication is to provide psychiatric institutions which receive adult patients with a list of resilience evaluation scales we consider to be the most pertinent to measure resilience in that sector.

The review was done using Pubmed on articles written between 2016 and 2019, using the terms “resilience scales in psychiatry” and “resilience scales in psychology”. Two hundred and seventy-eight articles were found. Fifty articles concerning mental health in adult psychiatry more precisely were kept, and we looked at which resilience evaluation scales were most used in those researches, and which associated clinical dimensions were studied. We started by defining resilience, as defined originally in physics, and how it was then derived in psychology, notably introduced in France by Boris Cyrulnik. We then looked at how resilience is measured in adult psychiatry. Some researchers such as Wagnild used instruments specifically designed to measure resilience. Ionescu & Jourdan-Ionescu did an inventory of the instruments, and Windle, Bennett & Noyes a review.

After briefly defining what resilience is, particularly in the psychological field, we succinctly summarized the 6 scales we consider to be the most adapted for researches on resilience in adult psychiatry and listed the main clinical dimensions that have been researched in the articles we kept. These six scales, are widely used, validated and adapted to clinical psychiatry. This communication is therefore a mini guide of the most adapted resilience evaluation scales for potential future researches in adult psychiatry. The Wagnild & Young Resilience scale was validated among women aged 53 to 95 and it has a French version widely used to measure resilience among the general and clinical population. The Fryborg et al. RSA also measures adult resilience and is useful to measure protective factors against psychological disorders. The Ponce-Garcia, Madwell & Kennison SPF apprehends a complete measure of resilience and is a reliable scale among survivors of violent trauma. The Roussow & Roussow Predictive 6-Factor Resilience Scale was based on a neurobiological basis of resilience and has also a good consistence with health hygiene scores. It is considered an efficient measure to use in improving resilience. Finally, The Resilience Questionnaire for Bipolar Disorder from Echezarraga, Las Hayas, González-Pinto & Jones specifically measures resilience among a bipolar disorders population. The main clinical dimensions which figured in researches on resilience were varied and numerous. Many refer to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), especially among American veterans. Besides PTSD, dimensions linked to stress, depression and psychiatric disorders were also researched. Scales are the same as those used in general population. However, some are validated for a clinical population. These scales can measure the link between resilience and various clinical dimensions and disorders. This opens the door for researches in adult psychiatry using one or more of the scales described in this article.