Syzygium cumini leaf extract protects macrophages against the oxidized LDL-induced toxicity: A promising atheroprotective effect - 29/06/21

Doi : 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111196

Matheus Mülling dos Santos ^a, Alessandro de Souza Prestes ^a, Gabriel Teixeira de Macedo ^a, Sabrina Antunes Ferreira ^a, João Luís Souza Vargas ^a, Luana Caroline Schüler ^b, Andreza Fabro de Bem ^c, Nilda de Vargas Barbosa ^a,⁎
^a Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima, 1000, 97105–900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
^b Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 88040900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
^c Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil

^⁎Corresponding author at: Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.Centro de Ciências Naturais e ExatasPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica ToxicológicaSanta MariaRS97105-900Brazil

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Graphical abstract

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Highlights

•	ScExt avoided the reactive species overproduction induced by oxLDL in macrophages.
•	Loss of macrophage’s viability caused by oxLDL was prevented by ScExt.
•	Foam cells formation mediated by oxLDL in macrophages was abolished by ScExt.
•	The protective role of ScExt make it promising for future trials toward atherogenesis.

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Abstract

Oxidized LDL (oxLDL) plays a pivotal role on atherosclerosis development, mainly in the formation of lipid-laden macrophage “foam cells”. As a consequence, substances that can modulate LDL oxidation have a pharmacological and therapeutic relevance. Based in previous findings showing the ability of Syzigium cumini leaf extract (ScExt) in preventing LDL oxidation in vitro, this study was aimed to assess the effects of ScExt on oxLDL-mediated toxicity in murine J774 macrophages-like cells. For biochemical analyses, LDL isolated from fresh human plasma and oxidized with CuSO₄ was incubated with ScExt pre-treated macrophages. Our results demonstrated that ScExt was efficient in preventing the overproduction of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS), the loss of macrophage’s viability and the foam cells formation induced by oxLDL. These protective effects of ScExt make it a promising antioxidant for future trials toward atherogenesis.

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Keywords : Plant extract, Atherosclerosis, Low density lipoprotein, Reactive species, J774 macrophages