Comparison of distance of upper central incisor root and incisive canal in different sagittal and vertical skeletal patterns and sex: A retrospective CBCT study - 24/07/21

Doi : 10.1016/j.ortho.2021.07.001

Eliana Dantas Costa ^1,^⁎ , Larissa de Oliveira Reis ¹, Hugo Gaêta-Araujo ^1,², Luciano Augusto Cano Martins ¹, Christiano Oliveira-Santos ³, Deborah Queiroz Freitas ¹
¹ Department of Oral Radiology, Division of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
² Department of Oral Radiology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
³ Department of Stomatology, Division of Oral Radiology, Public Health and Forensic Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil

^⁎Eliana Dantas Costa, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Division of Oral Radiology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Av. Limeira 901, Areião, 13414-018 Piracicaba, Brazil.University of Campinas, Piracicaba Dental School, Division of Oral Radiology, Department of Oral DiagnosisAvenue Limeira 901, AreiãoPiracicaba13414-018Brazil

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Summary

Introduction

To evaluate the influence of sagittal and vertical skeletal patterns (skeletal classes and facial profiles), and sex on the distance between upper central incisors roots and incisive canal.

Material and methods

Cone-beam computed tomography exams of 172 patients were classified into skeletal classes I, II, and III and according to the facial profile into mesofacial, brachyfacial, and dolichofacial. In sagittal reconstructions, linear measurements were done between central incisors roots and incisive canal at three levels: incisive foramen opening, intermediate region, and the region close to the apex of upper central incisors. In axial reconstructions, measurements of incisive canal width and distance between the roots were obtained. Analysis of Variance (three-way ANOVA) was used to evaluate measurement differences in relation to skeletal classes, facial profiles, and sex.

Results

The distance between upper central incisors roots and incisive canal anterior region was little influenced by sagittal and vertical skeletal patterns and sex. Men had significantly greater incisive canal (mean=2.85mm; SD=1.18) width compared to women (mean=2.40mm; SD=1.04), regardless of skeletal class and facial profile (P<0.05). In general, inter-root distance between medial points of central incisors roots and incisive canal opening was greater in the region close to upper central incisors apex (mean=3.84mm; SD=1.44) than in incisive foramen opening (2.44mm; SD=1.04), (P<0.05).