Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is one of the three most common vaginal infections of women. Our goal is to check which treatment method (vaginal or vaginal combined with oral) is more effective for each trimester to treat VVC.

A retrospective analysis was performed and vaginal culture results after treatment of 61 pregnant women who were treated with vaginal or vaginal plus oral antifungals, were collected. Women were grouped according to the method were treated and the trimester they were in. Patients who had used vaginal 750 mg metronidazole + 200 mg miconazole nitrate were determined as the vaginal treatment group. Patients who had used vaginal 750 mg metronidazole + 200 mg miconazole nitrate and oral 150 mg fluconazole were determined as the vaginal plus oral treatment group.

When the patients were grouped according to treatment method, there were no significant differences in demographic characteristics except previous antibiotic use. Previous antibiotic use was significantly higher in the vaginal treatment group (p<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between the recurrence of VVC in the vaginal and vaginal plus oral treatment group in the first, second, and third trimesters.

The results of the study showed that the efficiency of the vaginal treatment was the same as the vaginal plus oral treatment in all three trimesters in the aspect of VVC recurrence. Local treatment of VVC has several advantageous features when compared with oral therapy including a low rate of adverse events, safe utilization during pregnancy, and breastfeeding.