Reviewing pharmacogenetics to advance precision medicine for opioids - 18/09/21
pages | 30 |
Iconographies | 4 |
Vidéos | 0 |
Autres | 0 |
Abstract |
Background |
Adequate opioid prescribing is critical for therapeutic success of pain management. Despite the widespread use of opioids, optimized opioid therapy remains unresolved with risk of accidental lethal overdosing. With the emergence of accumulating evidence linking genetic variation to opioid response, pharmacogenetic based treatment recommendations have been proposed.
Objective |
The aim of this review is to evaluate pharmacogenetic evidence and provide an overview on genes involved in the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of opioids.
Methods |
For this review, a systematic literature search of published articles was used in PubMed®, with no language restriction and between the time period of January 2000 to December 2020. We reviewed randomized clinical studies, study cohorts and case reports that investigated the influence of genetic variants on selected opioid pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. In addition, we reviewed current CPIC clinical recommendations for pharmacogenetic testing.
Results |
Results of this review indicate consistent evidence supporting the association between selected genetic variants of CYP2D6 for opioid metabolism. CPIC guidelines include recommendations that indicate the avoidance of tramadol use, in addition to codeine, in CYP2D6 poor metabolizers and ultrarapid metabolizers, and to monitor intermediate metabolizers for less-than-optimal response. While there is consistent evidence for OPRM1 suggesting increased postoperative morphine dosing requirements in A118G G-allele carriers, the clinical relevance remains limited.
Conclusion |
There is emerging evidence of clinical relevance of CYP2D6 and, to a lesser extent, OPRM1 polymorphism in personalized opioid drug dosing. As a result, first clinics have started to implement pharmacogenetic guidelines for CYP2D6 and codeine.
Le texte complet de cet article est disponible en PDF.Graphical Abstract |
Highlights |
• | Genetic variation is associated with response and toxicity to opioids. |
• | CYP2D6 genotypes are relevant when prescribing tramadol and codeine for pain relief. |
• | Carriers of the OPRM1 118 G-allele might require a slightly higher morphine dosage. |
Keywords : Opioids, Pharmacogenetics, Cytochrome P450, OPRM1, Precision medicine
Plan
Vol 142
Article 112060- octobre 2021 Retour au numéroBienvenue sur EM-consulte, la référence des professionnels de santé.
L’accès au texte intégral de cet article nécessite un abonnement.
Bienvenue sur EM-consulte, la référence des professionnels de santé.
L’achat d’article à l’unité est indisponible à l’heure actuelle.
Déjà abonné à cette revue ?