Immunotherapies in acute leukemia - 05/04/22

Doi : 10.1016/j.therap.2021.12.003

Nicolas Boissel ^a,^b,^⁎ , Florence Rabian ^a,^b
^a Hematology Adolescent and Young Adult Unit, Saint-Louis Hospital, AP–HP, 1, avenue Claude-Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France
^b URP-3518, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Université de Paris, 75010 Paris, France

^⁎Corresponding author.

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Summary

In the past decade, immunotherapy has emerged as one of the most promising field of therapeutic progress in acute leukemia. Antibody-drug conjugates are now combined to standard chemotherapy backbones in both acute myeloid (AML) and lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). CD19 targeting immune cell engagers and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells have been approved in relapsed/refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and pave the way to promising developments in acute myeloid leukemia. Next generation immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting TIM-3 or CD47 binding by SIRPα on macrophages are tested in combination to hypomethylating agents to improve survival of unfit AML patients with acceptable safety profiles. This review summarizes the antibody-derived strategies developed in the field of acute leukemias with a specific focus on recently approved drugs.

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Keywords : Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Acute myeloid leukemia, Immunotherapy, Antibody, CAR-T, Bispecific antibody