Autophagy and bone diseases - 08/05/22
Graphical abstract |
Highlights |
• | Autophagy is a mechanism of elimination and recycling of cellular components allowing quality control in the cell. |
• | Autophagy can be increased under stress for survival purposes. |
• | Autophagy is an essential process for bone cell differentiation and function. |
• | A defective autophagy in bone cells is involved in the development of pathologies such as osteoporosis, osteopetrosis, or Paget's disease of bone. |
• | Autophagy modulation appears as a promising avenue for the development of new therapeutic strategies in bone pathologies. |
Abstract |
Autophagy is a ubiquitous cellular process, allowing the removal and recycling of damaged proteins and organelles. At the basal level, this process plays a role in quality control, thus participating in cellular homeostasis. Autophagy can also be induced by various stresses, such as nutrient deprivation or hypoxia, to allow the cell to survive until conditions improve. In recent years, the role of this process has been widely studied in many pathologies such as neurodegenerative diseases or cancers. In bone tissue, various studies have shown that autophagy is involved in the survival, differentiation and activity of osteoblasts, osteocytes and osteoclasts. The evolution of this knowledge has led to the identification of new molecular pathophysiological mechanisms in bone pathologies. This review reports the current state of knowledge on the role of autophagy in 4 bone diseases: osteoporosis, which seems to be associated with a decrease in autophagy, osteopetrosis and Paget's disease where the course of the autophagic process is disturbed, and finally osteosarcoma where autophagy seems to play a protumoral role. A better understanding of the involvement of autophagy in these pathologies should eventually lead to the identification of new potential therapeutic targets.
Le texte complet de cet article est disponible en PDF.Keywords : Autophagy, Paget's disease of bone, Osteoporosis, Osteopetrosis, Osteosarcoma
Plan
Vol 89 - N° 3
Article 105301- mai 2022 Retour au numéroBienvenue sur EM-consulte, la référence des professionnels de santé.
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