Neurological Complications in Children Hospitalized With Seizures and Respiratory Infections: A Comparison Between SARS-CoV-2 and Other Respiratory Infections - 08/09/22
, Monique Anderson, MD, PhD c, Yijin Xiang, MPH d, Shasha Bai, PhD d, Christina A. Rostad, MD e, William Tyor, MD c, f
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Abstract |
Background |
Children with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can experience neurological symptoms, but limited data are available on neurological symptoms associated with other respiratory infections. We compared proportions of neurological symptoms in children hospitalized with seizures and respiratory infections, including SARS-CoV-2, influenza, and endemic coronaviruses.
Methods |
A retrospective cohort study was performed on children admitted for seizures who had positive respiratory polymerase chain reactions for SARS-CoV-2, coronavirus NL63, coronavirus OC34, influenza (A and B), adenovirus, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, or parainfluenza 3 or 4. Primary outcomes were rates of new neurological diagnoses and mortality.
Results |
A total of 883 children were included. Mortality rates ranged from 0% with M. pneumoniae to 4.9% with parainfluenza 4. Strokes were observed with all infections except for coronavirus OC43 and M. pneumoniae, with the highest rates in parainfluenza 4 (4.9%) and SARS-CoV-2 (5.9%). Compared with other infections, children with SARS-CoV-2 were older, had higher rates of stroke, and lower rates of intubation. The most common brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) abnormality was diffusion restriction. Abnormal MRI rates were lower in SARS-CoV-2, compared with patients with other coronavirus (OC). However, rates of stroke, encephalopathy, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, and meningoencephalitis were similar between SARS-CoV-2 and influenza cohorts.
Conclusions |
In children hospitalized with seizures, higher rates of stroke were observed in SARS-CoV-2 versus OC. Similar rates of neurological symptoms were observed in patients with SARS-CoV-2 and those with influenza. Strokes can occur in children with these viral infections, particularly SARS-CoV-2.
Le texte complet de cet article est disponible en PDF.Keywords : SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Other coronaviruses, Influenza, Stroke, Pediatric, Respiratory viruses, Parainfluenza
Plan
| Disclosures: M.A., Y.X., S.B., and W.T. have no disclosures. C.A.R.'s institution has received funds to conduct clinical research unrelated to this manuscript from BioFire Inc, GSK, MedImmune, Micron, Janssen, Merck, Moderna, Novavax, PaxVax, Pfizer, Regeneron, and Sanofi-Pasteur. She is coinventor of patented RSV vaccine technology unrelated to this manuscript, which has been licensed to Meissa Vaccines, Inc. G.Y.G. receives part-time salary support from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for acute flaccid myelitis surveillance. |
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| Funding: This work was supported in part by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, United States of the National Institutes of Health, United States under Award Number UL1TR002378 and KL2TR002381. |
Vol 135
P. 52-55 - octobre 2022 Retour au numéro
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