Physical activity and diabetes mortality in people with Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study of 0.5 Million US people - 15/11/22

Doi : 10.1016/j.diabet.2022.101410

Maria Reyes Beltran-Valls ^a, Verónica Cabanas-Sánchez ^b,^⁎ , Kabir P. Sadarangani ^c,^d, Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo ^b,^e,^f, Diego Moliner Urdiales ^a, David Martínez-Gómez ^b,^e,^f
^a LIFE Research Group, University Jaume I, Castellon, Spain
^b IMDEA-Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain
^c Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Salud y Odontología, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile
^d Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Odontología y Ciencias de las Rehabilitación, Universidad San Sebastián, Sede Santiago, Chile
^e Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid-IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain
^f CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health), Madrid, Spain

^⁎Corresponding author: Verónica Cabanas-Sánchez, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC Madrid 28049, Spain.IMDEA Food InstituteCEI UAM+CSICMadrid28049Spain

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Highlights

•	Diabetes mortality showed the highest relative risk of death among adults with type 2 diabetes.
•	Physical activity showed a curvilinear inverse dose-response association with diabetes mortality.
•	Even low levels of physical activity were associated with lower risk of diabetes mortality.
•	The association was more marked at higher activity levels up to a plateau at about 500 min/week.
•	Physical activity in people with type 2 diabetes is fundamental to reduce the mortality burden associated to this chronic disease specifically.

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ABSTRACT

Aim

To examine the association between physical activity and the cause of death with the greatest risk related to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a large population-based cohort representative of the general US adult population.

Methods

A total of 41,726 adults suffering from T2DM (age 62 ± 14 years) and 459,660 adults without diabetes (age 46 ± 18 years) who participated in the National Health Interview Survey from 1997 to 2014 were included in this prospective cohort study. Self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was categorized into inactive, insufficiently active, active and very active. Mortality data was obtained from the National Death Index. Cox regression models adjusted for potential confounders were performed to estimate hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results

Diabetes mortality cause showed the highest relative risk of death among adults with T2DM compared to adults without diabetes (HR 5.72 [3.15;10.39]). There was a non-linear inverse dose-response association between MVPA and diabetes mortality among adults with T2DM, up to a plateau in risk reduction at approximately 500 min/week. Any level of activity was inversely associated with a significantly lower risk of diabetes mortality compared with being inactive (insufficiently active HR 0.71[0.54;0.97], active HR 0.68 [0.49;0.95], very active HR 0.44 [0.32;0.60]). Compared to adults without diabetes, the risk of diabetes mortality decreased from HR 7.38 [4.00;13.58] for inactive people with T2DM to HR 3.34 [1.76;6.32] for very active people with T2DM.