A Narrative Review Investigating the Early Maladaptive Schemas (EMS) in Individuals with Trauma Experiences and PTSD - 28/01/23

Doi : 10.1016/j.ejtd.2023.100315

Amos En Zhe Lian ^a, Weng-Tink Chooi ^a, Suzanna A. Bono ^a,^⁎
^a School of Social Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia University, 11800 Penang, Malaysia

^⁎Corresponding author: Suzanna A. Bono, School of Social Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, MalaysiaSchool of Social SciencesUniversiti Sains MalaysiaPenangMalaysia

Sous presse. Manuscrit accepté. Disponible en ligne depuis le Saturday 28 January 2023
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Abstract

The schema model proposed by Young et al., (2003) suggests that past trauma could form maladaptive unconscious beliefs, known as Early Maladaptive Schemas (EMS). The EMS was hypothesised to be a suitable trauma theory for measuring the impacts of traumatic experiences on traumatised individuals. Currently, there are 18 types of EMS. This narrative review synthesised 23 studies published from 1990-2022, that investigated EMS in the population who has been traumatised or experienced PTSD symptoms/diagnosis. The review excluded studies that did not specify the types of EMS (that only provide a total score), or involved traumatic experiences outside of the definition by DSM-5. The review identified that the nine EMS from the domain of Disconnection/Rejection and Impaired Autonomy/Performance were common among the traumatised population. Thus, more specialised support and intervention are warranted for traumatised populations, based on the identified EMS.

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Keywords : Narrative Review, Trauma, PTSD, Early Maladaptive Schemas