Impacts of sarcopenia and resistance exercise training on mitochondrial quality control proteins - 02/10/25

Doi : 10.1016/j.tjfa.2025.100090

Catherine B. Springer-Sapp ^a, Olayinka O. Ogbara ^a, Odessa Addison ^b,^c, Sarah Kuzmiak-Glancy ^a, Steven J. Prior ^a,^c,^⁎
^a Department of Kinesiology, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD 20742, USA
^b Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
^c Baltimore Veterans Affairs Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA

^⁎Corresponding author at: Department of Kinesiology, University of Maryland School of Public Health, 4200 Valley Drive, Room 2134D, College Park, MD 20742, USA.Department of KinesiologyUniversity of Maryland School of Public Health4200 Valley Drive, Room 2134DCollege ParkMD20742USA

connectez-vous ou créez un compte

Bienvenue sur EM-consulte, la référence des professionnels de santé.
Article gratuit.

Connectez-vous pour en bénéficier!

Abstract

Background

The progression of sarcopenia with aging may be related to mitochondrial dysfunction due in part to altered mitochondrial dynamics (fusion, fission, mitophagy, and biogenesis). Previous work has identified altered expression of proteins associated with these processes in with aging, but whether further changes occur in sarcopenia remains unclear.

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to assess protein expression of markers of mitochondrial fusion (Mfn2, Opa1), fission (Drp1, Fis1), mitophagy (Parkin), biogenesis (PGC-1α), and content (Complex IV: CIV) in sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic older adults. We also determined whether resistance training affected skeletal muscle mitochondrial content and expression of mitochondrial quality control proteins in sarcopenic older adults.

Design

Longitudinal exercise training study, with cross-sectional baseline comparison.

Setting and participants

Ten older adults with mild-moderate sarcopenia, plus ten non-sarcopenic, matched older adults from Maryland, USA.

Intervention

Twelve-week resistance training.

Measurements

Strength, sarcopenic index (ALM/BMI: appendicular lean mass divided by body mass index), body composition, and mitochondrial morphology and protein expression in vastus lateralis muscle.

Results

No differences in protein expression were observed between sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic participants at baseline; however, ALM/BMI was inversely related to CIV expression (r = -0.55, P = 0.013) across all subjects. Similarly, lean body mass and ALM correlated inversely with expression of the fusion protein Opa1-S (r = -0.55 - -0.51, P ≤ 0.022). Resistance training increased strength in sarcopenic older adults by 13 % (P = 0.02), but this group’s expression of mitochondrial quality control proteins was mostly unaltered.

Conclusions

The presence of sarcopenia identified by ALM/BMI was not associated with changes in protein expression that are consistent with impaired mitochondrial dynamics beyond those changes that might occur with aging alone. While short-term resistance training increased strength in older adults with sarcopenia, this was not accompanied by changes in protein expression, with the possible exception of fusion protein Mfn2.

Le texte complet de cet article est disponible en PDF.

Keywords : Fusion, Fission, Mitophagy, Muscle health, Age