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Bone mineral density in children with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis - 24/04/13

Doi : 10.1016/j.jaad.2009.12.015 
Sara Gertrudes Anna van Velsen, MD a, , Mirjam J. Knol, PhD d, Rachel L.A. van Eijk, MD a, Monique A. de Vroede, MD, PhD b, Tim C. de Wit, PhD c, Marnix G.E.H. Lam, MD, PhD c, Inge M. Haeck, MD a, Marjolein S. de Bruin-Weller, MD, PhD a, Carla A.F.M. Bruijnzeel-Koomen, MD, PhD a, Suzanne G.M.A. Pasmans, MD, PhD a
a Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Wilhelmina’s Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands 
b Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Wilhelmina’s Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands 
c Department of Nuclear Medicine, Wilhelmina’s Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands 
d Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands 

Reprint requests: Sara Gertrudes Anna van Velsen, MD, Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Utrecht, G02.124, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Abstract

Background

Low bone mineral density (BMD) has been reported in 30.4% of adult patients with atopic dermatitis (AD).

Objective

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of low BMD in children with moderate to severe AD and to investigate the relation between BMD and corticosteroid and cyclosporine therapy.

Methods

Lumbar spine BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in 60 children (age 5-16 years) with moderate to severe AD. BMD (in g/cm2) was expressed in Z-scores, the number of SD above or below the mean value of an age- and sex-matched reference population. In children, low BMD was defined as a Z-score less than –2. Information on lifestyle parameters and bone fractures were collected by use of a standardized questionnaire. The cumulative dose of corticosteroids and cyclosporine therapy was calculated for the previous 5-year period.

Results

Three patients (5%) had low BMD; one patient (1.7%) had osteoporosis. The observed prevalence of low BMD in this study (6.7%; 95% confidence interval 1.8%-16.2%) does not differ from the expected prevalence of low BMD in the general population (P = .06). Overall, use of topical corticosteroids in the previous 5 years was not associated with a decrease in BMD (Z-score). When children received additional systemic treatment (oral corticosteroids and/or cyclosporine) in the previous 5 years, BMD decreased, although the decrease was not statistically significant. Correction for lifestyle parameters did not change these associations.

Limitations

The number of patients studied was limited. The cumulative dose of corticosteroids and cyclosporine therapy was only registered for the previous 5 years, and relatively low amounts of topical corticosteroids were used. The definition of low BMD differs between adults (Z-score < –1) and children (Z-score < –2). Because there is no Dutch BMD reference population for children, normative BMD references were obtained from a different population (US children).

Conclusions

Low BMD did not occur more frequently in this population of children with moderate to severe AD compared with the general population. Use of topical corticosteroids in the previous 5 years was not associated with a decrease in BMD.

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Key words : atopic dermatitis, bone mineral density, children, cyclosporine, topical corticosteroids

Abbreviations used : AD, BMD, DXA, 25-OH-vitamin D, PTH, SCORAD


Plan


 Funding sources: None.
 Conflicts of interest: None declared.


© 2010  American Academy of Dermatology, Inc.. Publié par Elsevier Masson SAS. Tous droits réservés.
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Vol 63 - N° 5

P. 824-831 - novembre 2010 Retour au numéro
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