Postoperative cerebellar hemorrhage after a supratentorial craniotomy represents a rare event. We report a case of a patient with a meningioma of the jugum who developed suddenly after surgery a neurological deterioration due to a cerebellar hemorrhage detected on the CT scan. An occipital craniectomy and an external ventricular drainage were performed in emergency. A complete neurological recovery was observed after surgery.

Nineteen similar other cases are found in the literature. Per- and postoperative high blood pressure, lowered intracranial pressure and mispositioning of the head during surgery could be at the origin of the hemorrhage. Size of the hemorrhage, time between diagnosis and treatment represent two prognostic factors. All patients, who present a neurological deterioration in postoperative course, must have CT scan including posterior fossa.

L'hémorragie cérébelleuse compliquant une crâniotomie supratentorielle représente un événement rare. Nous rapportons le cas (le premier de notre service) d'un patient ayant un méningiome jugum, et qui développait, en post-opératoire, une dégradation neurologique liée à une hémorragie cérébelleuse. Une crâniectomie occipitale et la mise en place d'un drainage externe ont permis une récupération neurologique parfaite du patient.

Une revue de la littérature ainsi que les hypothèses physiopathologiques sont discutées.