Epstein–Barr virus: Dermatologic associations and implications : Part I. Mucocutaneous manifestations of Epstein–Barr virus and nonmalignant disorders - 13/12/14

Doi : 10.1016/j.jaad.2014.07.034

Lawrence David Hall, MD ^a,^⁎ , Lindsay A. Eminger, MD ^b, Kathleen S. Hesterman, MD ^c, Warren R. Heymann, MD ^d,^e
^a Ackerman Academy of Dermatopathology, New York, New York
^b Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, Pennsylvania
^c Tulane University Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
^d Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, New Jersey
^e Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

^∗Reprint requests: Lawrence David Hall, MD, Ackerman Academy of Dermatopathology, 145 E 32nd St, 10th fl, New York, NY 10016.

Abstract

Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous virus that has been implicated in a wide range of human diseases, many of which have mucocutaneous manifestations. As a member of the herpesviridae family, EBV causes lifelong infection by establishing latency in B lymphocytes. An intact immune response is critical in preventing progression of EBV disease, and the clinical manifestations of infection are dependent on the intricate relationship between virus and host immune system. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and diagnostic testing in EBV infection. In part I of this continuing medical education article, the mucocutaneous manifestations of EBV infection are reviewed with an emphasis on pathophysiology and management.

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Key words : Epstein-Barr virus, human herpes virus 4, latency, infectious mononucleosis, papular acrodermatitis of childhood, oral hairy leukoplakia, hydroa vacciniforme, nonsexually related acute genital ulcers, histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis, lymphoproliferative, heterophile antibodies

Abbreviations used : CAEBV, CMV, EA, EBV, EBER, EBNA, GCS, HMB, HV, IM, ISH, KFD, LC, LCL, LMP, NRAGU, NF-κB, OHL, PCR, PTLD, STAT1, VCA