Distinguishing Complex PTSD from Borderline Personality Disorder among individuals with a history of sexual trauma: A latent class analysis - 12/10/18

Doi : 10.1016/j.ejtd.2018.08.004

R. Frost ^a,^d,⁎, ^{^{1
www.psychotraumanetwork.com/.}} , P. Hyland ^b,^c,^d,^{^{1
www.psychotraumanetwork.com/.}}, M. Shevlin ^a,^d,^{^{1
www.psychotraumanetwork.com/.}}, J. Murphy ^a,^d,^{^{1
www.psychotraumanetwork.com/.}}
^a School of Psychology, Ulster University, Derry, Northern Ireland
^b National College of Ireland, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
^c Centre for Global Health, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
^d The Collaborative Network for Training and Excellence in Psychotraumatology (CONTEXT), Dublin, Republic of Ireland

^⁎Corresponding author at: Ulster University, Magee Campus, Northland Road, BT48 7JL Derry, Northern Ireland.Ulster University, Magee CampusNorthland RoadDerryBT48 7JLNorthern Ireland

En prensa. Pruebas corregidas por el autor. Disponible en línea desde el Friday 12 October 2018
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Abstract

Introduction

There has been debate regarding whether Complex PTSD (CPTSD) is conceptually distinct from Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD).

Objective

To assess whether ICD-11 CPTSD was distinguishable from BPD in a sample of sexual assault survivors.

Method

A subsample of individuals (n=956), that selected sexual assault as an index trauma, were selected from a U.S. general population survey dataset. The distribution of PTSD, CPTSD and BPD symptomology was evaluated using latent class analysis (LCA). Multinomial logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate whether various forms of child maltreatment and cumulative child maltreatment could discriminate between classes.

Results

CPTSD emerged as a distinct symptom profile within the sample. Conversely, BPD symptomology was evident in two classes but was accompanied by PTSD/CPTSD symptomology in each. Overall, five classes were identified that differed both quantitatively and qualitatively. Cumulative childhood maltreatment and physical neglect predicted CPTSD class membership.

Conclusion

The findings suggest that CPTSD is distinct from BPD among a sample of individuals who have been shown to be at significant risk for both diagnoses. Further research is required to identify factors that distinguish CPTSD from BPD.

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Keywords : Post-traumatic stress, Complex posttraumatic stress, ICD-11, Borderline personality disorder, Sexual assault