To present factual data on the medico-legal aspects of medicolegal claims after abdominal wall surgery in France.

Analysis of the complaints following parietal surgery that were addressed to a company that specializes in medical malpractice insurance between 2010 and 2016.

Of 209 files, 180 were analyzable; these included 75 women and 105 men with a mean age of 51 years and a mean BMI of 29.8. Cases were mainly heard by the Conciliation and Compensation Commission (CCI) (82 patients) and the High Court (79 patients). The surgical procedures concerned were groin hernias (85 patients) or anterior abdominal wall hernias (95 patients). Conventional open surgery was performed in 123 patients and laparoscopic surgery in 57 patients. The incidents motivating patient complaints after groin hernia surgery were chronic pain (27 patients), infection (24 patients), testicular damage (10 patients). Seven patients died as a result of this surgery (including one fetus). Claims after ventral hernia repair were motivated by infections (46 patients) and post-operative peritonitis or bowel obstruction (12 patients). Nine patients died following these ventral hernia repairs. Surgical error was identified in 59 of the 168 cases analyzed (35.1%); 44% of recognized faults were surgical site infections, 27% linked to delay in re-operation, and 20% were related to the operating room environment.

Hernia surgery, although an everyday event for many practitioners, requires the same rigor as all other visceral surgery.