Although the first reports of pine gable allergy are old, they total just over 50, despite the fact that a few series have been described, and despite the fact that pine nut consumption is common in southern Europe. The description of a new case in a 3-year-old girl, manifested by symptoms of anaphylaxis associated with gastrointestinal signs, prompted an exhaustive review of the literature. Pine nuts should be considered an emerging allergen requiring monitoring since it is present in many food preparations, particularly cakes, ice creams, confectionery and various sauces and seasonings.