The pharmaco-toxicological conundrum of oleander: Potential role of gut microbiome - 28/08/20
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Graphical abstract |
Highlights |
• | Nerium oleander is a toxic plant with pharmacological properties |
• | Oleander contains toxic cardiac glycosides and bioactive phytochemicals |
• | Cardiac glycosides are selectively metabolized by gut microbes |
• | Gut microbes likely dictate the pharmaco-toxicological effects of oleander |
Abstract |
Nerium oleander L., commonly known as oleander, is a toxic shrub and also a medicinal plant. All parts of oleander are rich in cardiac glycosides that inhibits Na+/K+-ATPase and induce inotropic effect on the cardiomyocytes. Several pre-clinical and clinical reports indicate acute toxicity due to intentional, accidental and suicidal oleander consumption. Contrarily, oleander is used for the treatment of diverse ailments in traditional medicinal practices around the globe and several evidence-based pre-clinical studies indicated metabolic and immunological health benefits of polyphenol-rich oleander extracts. Thus, the current review aims to address this pharmaco-toxicological conundrum of oleander by addressing the possible role of gut microflora in the differential oleander toxicity. Additionally, a comprehensive account of ethnopharmacological usage, metabolic and immunological health benefits has been documented that supplement the conflicting arguments of pharmaco-toxicological properties of oleander. Finally, by addressing the gap of knowledge of ethnomedicinal, pharmacological and toxicological reports of oleander, the current review is expected to pave the way to address the differential pharmaco-toxicological effects of oleander.
El texto completo de este artículo está disponible en PDF.Chemical compounds studied in this article : Catechin (PubChem CID: 9064), Catechol (PubChem CID: 289), Digitoxin (PubChem CID: 441207), Digoxin (PubChem CID: 2724385), Dihydrodigoxin (Pubchem CID: 92217), Epicatechin (PubChem CID: 72276), Gallic acid (PubChem CID: 370), Oleandrin (PubChem CID: 11541511), Oleanolic acid (PubChem CID: 10494), Ouabain (PubChem CID: 439501), Quercetin (PubChem CID: 5280343), Reserpine (PubChem CID: 5770), Sitosterol (PubChem CID: 222284), Stigmasterol (PubChem CID: 5280794), Ursolic acid (PubChem CID: 64945), Vitamin E (PubChem CID: 14985)
Abbreviations : AP-1, COX, HbA1c, HF, IFN-γ, IL, iNOS, NF-κB, NO, Nrf2, OECD, PPAR
Keywords : Cardiac glycoside, Digoxin, Eggerthella lenta, Microbiome, Nerium oleander, Oleandrin
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Vol 129
Artículo 110422- septembre 2020 Regresar al númeroBienvenido a EM-consulte, la referencia de los profesionales de la salud.
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