Three-dimensional radiographic assessment of bone changes around posterior dental implants at native bone site in Gansu Province, Northwest of China: A retrospective cohort study - 19/04/22

Doi : 10.1016/j.jormas.2022.04.005

Hanan Al-fakeh ^a,^h, Hasan M. Sharhan ^b,ⁱ, Tareq Abdulazeez Ziyad ^c, Ehab A. Abdulghani ^d, Essam Al-Moraissi ^e : Assisant professor, Abeer A. Al-Sosowa ^f,^j, Bin Liu ^g,^k : Professor, Kailiang Zhang ^g,^k,^⁎ : Professor
^a Prosthodontics Department, School of Stomatology Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
^b Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, College of Dentistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
^c Master of clinical dentistry, Prosthodontics Department, Jordan university of science and technology
^d Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, College of Dentistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
^e Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Thamar University, Thamar, Yemen
^f Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Thamar University, Dhamar, Yemen
^g Prosthodontics Department, School of Stomatology Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
^h Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Thamar University, Dhamar, Yemen
ⁱ Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Thamar University, Dhamar, Yemen
^j Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
^k Prosthodontics Department, Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China

^⁎Corresponding author at: Lanzhou University, China.Lanzhou UniversityChina.

En prensa. Pruebas corregidas por el autor. Disponible en línea desde el Tuesday 19 April 2022
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Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this study was to assess bone density and thickness changed following dental implant placement in the maxillary and mandibular jaws. Also, observe the form of bone loss around the implant and the relationship between preoperative bone density and bone thickness with bone loss around dental implants.

Methods

65 patients, including 102 dental implants, were assessed in this study. CBCT was utilized to determine the bone condition (bone thickness and density at three levels (sub-crestal bone at 3 mm (CB3), 6 mm (CB6), and 9 mm (CB9)) before implant placement, and 2 to 3 years after placement, also determine the bone loss pattern.

Results

The difference in bone thickness was 0.32 ± 0.50 mm at CB3, 0.18 ± 0.40 mm at CB6, and 0.14 ± 0.07 mm at CB9. The change buccal bone density at CB3, CB6, and CB9 were 344.5 ± 278.9, 260.5 ± 276, and 138.9 ± 313.9 HU, respectively, and the change in lingual bone density was 252.7 ± 247, 179.9 ± 244.1, and 281 ± 4063 HU, respectively. Only the CB3 level showed a significant decrease in bone thickness (p < 0.001), and a change in bone density was observed at the three levels (p < 0.001). The means of vertical and horizontal bone loss were 0.19 ± 0.23 mm and 0.18 ± 0.22 mm, respectively. Splinted or adjacent dental implants have more horizontal bone loss, with statistically significant (p < 0.001). Age, gender, and implant position were not statistically related to the outcome variables. There was a negative correlation between the preoperative status of the bone condition and pattern bone loss, as indicated by Pearson's correlation coefficient.

Conclusion

CBCT detected a significant bone thickness decrease was found only at the crestal third. A significant bone density increase was found at three levels around dental implants. Implant areas with higher bone thickness and density had less bone loss.

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Keywords : Alveolar bone loss, Bone density, Bone thickness, Cone-beam computed tomography, Dental implants