Histomorphometric and biomechanical evaluation of the osseointegration around micro- and nano-level boron-nitride coated titanium dental implants - 25/06/22

Doi : 10.1016/j.jormas.2022.06.016

Nurdan Özmeriç ^a, Gaye Özgür Çakal ^b, Ceren Gökmenoğlu ^c,^⁎ , Ahmet Özmeriç ^d, Bahar Füsun Oduncuoğlu ^e, Tuğçe Hacaloğlu ^f, Bilgin Kaftanoğlu ^f
^a Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Bişkek Caddesi, 06510 Ankara, Turkey
^b Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Ankara University, Tandoğan Campus, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
^c Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ordu University, 52100, Ordu, Turkey
^d Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, SBU Ankara Training and Research Hospital, 06340 Ankara, Turkey
^e Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Baskent University, 06590 Ankara, Turkey
^f Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Atilim University, Kizilcasar Mah 06836 Ankara, Turkey

^⁎Corresponding author.

En prensa. Pruebas corregidas por el autor. Disponible en línea desde el Saturday 25 June 2022
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Abstract

Introduction

Titanium dental implants has been coated with different materials such as polymers and biomimetic agents, bone morphogenetic protein, calcium phosphate to enhance surface properties of the titanium implants for osseointegration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the bone tissue healing around Boron Nitride-coated (BN-coated) titanium implants histomorphometrically and biomechanically and also observe the effect of different coating thicknesses on osseointegration.

Materials and methods

BN was coated on dental titanium implants with two different coating thicknesses by using RF magnetron sputtering system. Totally fifty-four implants were inserted into the tibias’ of 12 New Zealand rabbits bilaterally under general anesthesia. All animals were sacrificed after 4-weeks. Bone-implant contact (BIC) and new bone area/total area ratios (BATA) were calculated. Also, the removal torque (RT) test was performed.

Results

The highest new bone area in the medullary cavity was around the nano-BN-coated surface with 15.70%. In micro-BN-coated surface and control group, this ratio was determined as 10.48% and 8.23%, respectively. The BIC ratios in upper-side of implants and cortical-associated BIC ratios in lower-side were found significantly higher in control and micro-BN-coated group than nano-BN-coated group (p < 0.05). Similar BIC values were observed between control and micro-BN-coated groups (p > 0.05). BATA values did not show statistically significant differences between all three groups (p > 0.05). The RT values measured in all groups were found comparable and no statistically significant differences were found (p > 0.05).

Conclusion

No inflammatory reaction developed around any implant. Relatively more new bone formation around nano-BN-coated titanium implants indicates the promising osseoinductive effect of BN coating. BN-coated implants showed similar biomechanical and histomorphometrical outcomes to that of the conventional titanium implants through a 4-week evaluation period.

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Keywords : Animal model, Boron nitrite, Dental implants, Osseointegration