Cholecystectomy is one of the most common abdominal surgical procedures. No formal agreement has been reached about the routine practice of intraoperative cholangiography (IOC). The purpose of this survey was to describe the practices and the opinions of surgeons in western France. A survey was conducted among 300 visceral surgeons practicing in western France who were asked to respond to a questionnaire with objective and subjective items. One hundred forty-eight answers were interpretable. Among these 148 surgeons, 125 (83.4%) performed IOC routinely (IOCr group) and 23 (15.4%) selectively (IOCs group). Mean age of responding surgeons was 49.3 years. Groups IOCr and IOCs were not significantly different concerning surgical experience. Surgeons in both groups responded that IOC effectively screens for intraoperative bile duct injury. In our survey, routine practice of IOC was more common than reported by our English-speaking colleagues. The routine users responded that IOC can screen for intraoperative bile duct injury or choledocholithiasis. The selective users responded that IOC has its own morbidity. IOC is commonly performed in France during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Although it may not be indispensable, it allows rapid screening for intraoperative bile duct injury. It also provides documented proof of good surgical practice in the event of a litigation claim after bile duct injury.