Focus on Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) - 04/05/20
Le point sur le MERS-Cov
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Highlights |
• | MERS-CoV was first detected in June 2012 in Saudi Arabia. |
• | On October 16, 2018, 2260 cases and 803 related deaths had been reported in 27 countries. |
• | Although this emerging virus seems unlikely to become endemic in humans, it is still present and has not disappeared rapidly in less than 2 years like the SARS coronavirus. |
• | In this review, we discuss the main findings about the origin, emergence and virological characteristics of this virus, as well as preventive measures, the typical clinical picture, and currently available therapeutic options. |
Abstract |
Since the first case of human infection by the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in Saudi Arabia in June 2012, more than 2260 cases of confirmed MERS-CoV infection and 803 related deaths have been reported since the 16th of October 2018. The vast majority of these cases (71%) were reported in Saudi Arabia but the epidemic has now spread to 27 countries and has not ceased 6 years later, unlike SARS-CoV that disappeared a little less than 2 years after emerging. Due to the high fatality rate observed in MERS-CoV infected patients (36%), much effort has been put into understanding the origin and pathophysiology of this novel coronavirus to prevent it from becoming endemic in humans. This review focuses in particular on the origin, epidemiology and clinical manifestations of MERS-CoV, as well as the diagnosis and treatment of infected patients. The experience gained over recent years on how to manage the different risks related to this kind of epidemic will be key to being prepared for future outbreaks of communicable disease.
Il testo completo di questo articolo è disponibile in PDF.Résumé |
Depuis le premier cas d’infection liée au Middle East Respiratory Syndrome – Coronavirus (MERS-CoV), détecté en Arabie Saoudite en juin 2012, le MERS-CoV a donné lieu, au 16 octobre 2018, à plus de 2260 cas d’infections confirmées et à 803 décès. La grande majorité des cas (71 %) ont été déclarés en Arabie Saoudite mais l’épidémie a depuis touché 27 pays et n’est toujours pas enrayée 6 ans après son émergence, contrairement au SRAS-CoV qui a disparu un peu moins de deux ans après sa première détection. En raison du taux important de décès observé parmi les patients infectés par le MERS-CoV (36 %), beaucoup d’efforts ont été déployés pour comprendre l’origine et la physiopathologie de ce nouveau coronavirus ainsi que pour lutter contre une éventuelle installation endémique de ce virus au sein de la population humaine. Cette revue s’attache plus particulièrement à retracer l’origine et l’épidémiologie du MERS-CoV à décrire la clinique observée chez les patients ainsi que la prise en charge diagnostique et thérapeutique des patients infectés. L’expérience acquise au cours des dernières années dans la gestion des différents risques liés à ce type d’épidémie est importante pour pouvoir faire face à la prochaine émergence d’infection transmissible.
Il testo completo di questo articolo è disponibile in PDF.Keywords : Emerging disease, MERS-CoV, Coronavirus, Pneumonia
Mots clés : Maladies émergentes, MERS-CoV, Coronavirus, Pneumonie
Mappa
Vol 50 - N° 3
P. 243-251 - Maggio 2020 Ritorno al numero
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