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Ramadan fasting with diabetes: An interview study of inpatients’ and general practitioners’ attitudes in the South of France - 10/11/11

Doi : 10.1016/j.diabet.2010.12.010 
B. Gaborit a, , O. Dutour b, O. Ronsin a, C. Atlan a, P. Darmon a, R. Gharsalli a, V. Pradel c, F. Dadoun a, A. Dutour a
a Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Department, Hôpital Nord, Chemin des Bourrely, 13015 Marseille, France 
b Department of Anthropology, faculté de médecine de la Timone, 13005 Marseille, France 
c Public Health Department, School of Medicine, 13005 Marseille, France 

Corresponding author. Tel.: +33 4 91 76 87 23; fax: +33 4 91 76 88 78.

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Abstract

Aim

The aim of this study was to evaluate attitudes in hospital inpatients and physicians towards Ramadan fasting and diabetes in Marseille.

Methodology

This cross-sectional study was conducted during the three months prior to the month of Ramadan. A total of 101 patients (age: 57±17years) and 101 general practitioners (GPs) were recruited into the study.

Results

The patients had low levels of education (52% illiteracy). Of the 101 patients, 52 continued to fast during Ramadan, and only 65 patients had discussed the matter with their GP. Of these, 36 were told that fasting was forbidden, but more than half (n=19) fasted despite the medical advice. Six patients thus experienced daily hypoglycaemia because they had continued to take their hypoglycaemic agent or insulin analogue at noon. Both inadequate education and religious attitudes were found to endanger patients during the fast: 15 patients skipped the meal scheduled before dawn, five of whom persisted in taking their sulphonylurea. Also, 27% of patients refused, in spite of daytime hypoglycaemia, to ingest anything orally to avoid breaking their fast. Among the GP population, medical knowledge of Ramadan fasting with diabetes was low, leading to medically unjustified negative advice for fasting and a lack of patient education on adjusting treatments. This particular situation weakened the patient–physician relationship.

Conclusion

This study confirms the importance of Ramadan fasting for Muslim patients, and reveals a wide cross-cultural gap between GPs and their patients. Systematic advice on treatment adjustment needs to be given. For this reason, we encourage more sensitive care of these patients and more medical training for physicians.

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Résumé

Objectif

Évaluer les attitudes des patients diabétiques et des médecins généralistes (MG) face au jeûne du Ramadan à Marseille.

Méthodes

Étude transversale menée dans les trois mois précédant le Ramadan chez 101 patients diabétiques musulmans hospitalisés (âge : 57±17) et 101 MG.

Résultats

Les patients avaient un faible niveau d’études (52 % d’illettrisme) ; 52 pratiquaient le Ramadan chaque année. Soixante cinq patients ont discuté de faire le jeûne avec leur MG. Parmi eux, 36 se sont vus interdire de jeûner mais 19 ont décidé de jeûner contre l’avis du MG. Six patients ont présenté des hypoglycémies répétées à midi du fait de la poursuite de leur sulfamide hypoglycémiant ou de leur insuline rapide pendant le jeûne. Le manque d’éducation thérapeutique ou certains comportements religieux peuvent mettre le patient en danger : cinq patients ont rapporté sauter le repas avant l’aube et prendre leur sulfamide ; 27 ont déclaré qu’ils refuseraient de se resucrer en cas d’hypoglycémie pour ne pas rompre le jeûne. Parmi les 101 MG, les connaissances médicales portant sur le sujet diabète et Ramadan étaient faibles. De ce fait, beaucoup de conseils négatifs étaient donnés sur la pratique du Ramadan et peu d’éducation thérapeutique ou d’ajustement thérapeutique étaient réalisés, fragilisant la relation médecin-malade.

Conclusion

Cette étude confirme l’importance du jeûne pour les patients diabétiques musulmans et révèle une barrière transculturelle médecin–malade. Une éducation et une adaptation thérapeutique systématique devraient être réalisées. Nous encourageons la prise en charge spécifique de ces patients et la mise en œuvre de formations médicales sur le Ramadan.

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Keywords : Ramadan fasting, Diabetes mellitus, Education counseling, Cross-cultural competence

Mots clés : Jeûne du Ramadan, Diabète, Éducation thérapeutique, Compétence inter-culturelle

Abbreviations : GP, OAD


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Vol 37 - N° 5

P. 395-402 - novembre 2011 Ritorno al numero
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