Isoflurane post-conditioning down-regulates expression of aquaporin 4 in rats with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and is possibly related to bone morphogenetic protein 4/Smad1/5/8 signaling pathway - 31/12/17
, Mingyue Ge a, 1 , Jiangwen Yin a, Zhigang Dai a, Liping Xie a, Yan Li a, Xuejiao Liu a, Li Peng a, Guixing Zhang a, Junqiang Si b, Ketao Ma b, Sheng Wang a, ⁎ Bienvenido a EM-consulte, la referencia de los profesionales de la salud.
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Abstract |
Aim |
Aquaporins (AQPs) are water-channels that play important roles in brain water homeostasis and cerebral edema induced by brain injury. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between AQP4, bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4)/Smad1/5/8 signaling pathway and isoflurane post-conditiong, which has effects on brain edema in rats with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury.
Methods |
Cerebral I/R injury was induced in rats by using the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model for 90 min, followed by 24 h of reperfusion. Isoflurane post-conditioning (ISO) group received 90 min ischemia and underwent 1.5% isoflurane post-conditioning for 60 min after initiating reperfusion. Neurobehavior, brain water content, thionine staining and 2, 3, 5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining were evaluated to measure levels of brain edema and damage. Expressions of AQP4, BMP4, Smad1/5/8 and phosphorylated Smad1/5/8 were detected by using Western blot, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and immunofluorescence (IF) staining.
Results |
Compared with the Sham group, neurological behavior score, brain infarct volume and water content of MCAO model rats increased with reperfusion injury. However, in the ISO group, cell edema and damage of brain was significantly ameliorated ( P < 0.01). qRT-PCR showed less AQP4 mRNA expression in the hippocampal tissue of the ISO group than in the I/R group ( P < 0.01). Western blot and immunofluorescence results showed similar changes in protein levels of both groups. Related protein expressions showed expressions of BMP4 and Smad1/5/8 increased in the ISO group ( P < 0.01), whereas total Smad1/5/8 expression didn’t change in all groups. When BMP4 inhibitor (LDN193189) was injected, expression levels of AQP4 increased and neuronal density decreased ( P < 0.05). By contrast, expression levels of BMP4 did not change significantly after pre-injection of AQP4 inhibitor (TGN020) ( P > 0.05), but neuronal density increased ( P < 0.05).
Conclusion |
Isoflurane post-conditioning may inhibit occurrence of brain edema and reduce cerebral I/R injury through down-regulating expression of AQP4, This process may be related to the activation of BMP4/Smad1/5/8 signaling pathway.
El texto completo de este artículo está disponible en PDF.Keywords : Isoflurane, Postconditioning, Ischemia/reperfusion injury, Brain edema, Aquaporin-4 (AQP4), Bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP4), Neuroprotection
Esquema
Vol 97
P. 429-438 - janvier 2018 Regresar al número
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Bienvenido a EM-consulte, la referencia de los profesionales de la salud.
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