Autoimmune Encephalitis - 30/01/25

Doi : 10.1016/j.mcna.2024.09.001

Mar Guasp, MD, PhD ^a,^b,^c, Josep Dalmau, MD, PhD ^a,^b,^c,^d,^⁎
^a Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, C/ Casanova, 143; Floor 3A, Barcelona 08036, Spain
^b Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)-CaixaResearch Institute, Barcelona, Spain
^c Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red, enfermedades raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
^d Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA

^∗Corresponding author. C/ Casanova, 143; Floor 3A, Barcelona 08036, Spain.C/ Casanova, 143; Floor 3ABarcelona08036Spain

Resumen

Autoimmune encephalitides (AE) constitute a broad group of inflammatory brain disorders characterized by prominent neuropsychiatric symptoms, frequently in association with autoantibodies against neural (neuronal or glial) antigens. The most frequent AE are anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (associated with MOG antibodies in 60% of patients), and limbic encephalitis (with several immunologic subtypes, anti-LGI1 encephalitis being the most frequent). The first 2 predominantly affect children and young adults, whereas limbic encephalitis usually affects patients older than 50 years. Despite the severity of symptoms, prompt diagnosis and treatment lead to substantial recovery in most patients.

El texto completo de este artículo está disponible en PDF.

Keywords : Autoimmune encephalitis, Paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes, Neural cell-surface antibodies, Onconeuronal antibodies, Anti-NMDAR encephalitis, Limbic encephalitis, Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, Immunotherapy