Primary Hyperaldosteronism : A Comprehensive Review of Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment - 17/04/25

Doi : 10.1016/j.ucl.2025.01.003

Tarunya Vedere, MD ^a,^b,^⁎ , Maram Khalifa, MD ^a
^a Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
^b Division of Endocrine Neoplasia, Neag Comprehensive Cancer Center, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030, USA

^∗Corresponding author. Division of Endocrine Neoplasia, Neag Comprehensive Cancer Center, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030.Division of Endocrine NeoplasiaNeag Comprehensive Cancer Center263 Farmington AvenueFarmingtonCT06030

Resumen

Primary hyperaldosteronism (PA) is the most common endocrine cause of hypertension, characterized by autonomous aldosterone hormone production from the adrenal glands. It encompasses a wide spectrum of renin-independent aldosterone production with diverse histopathological etiologies. A vast majority of PA is caused by bilateral disease, remains underdiagnosed and is linked to serious cardiometabolic risks. This review outlines our current understanding of the etiopathogenesis of PA, and provides a comprehensive overview of the diagnostic strategies and management of PA.

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Keywords : Primary aldosteronism, Aldosterone, Endocrine hypertension, Adrenal, Renin, Hyperaldosteronism, Adrenal venous sampling