The History and Evolution of Pulmonary Function Testing Methods and Interpretation - 04/08/25

Doi : 10.1016/j.ccm.2025.04.015

Teal S. Hallstrand, MD, MPH ^a, David A. Kaminsky, MD ^b,^⁎
^a Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Center for Lung Biology, University of Washington, S-381 Center for Lung Biology, 850 Republican Street, Seattle, WA 98109-4714, USA
^b Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT 05405, USA

^∗Corresponding author. Given D213, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT 05405.Given D21389 Beaumont AvenueBurlingtonVT05405

Resumen

The use of modern diagnostic equipment to measure pulmonary function has reached a substantial level of maturity after many decades of evolution. The ability to differentiate a normal result from a measurement that is potentially indicative of disease requires the use of normal reference values that have similarly become increasingly robust with larger and more diverse populations. The use of reference equations should carefully consider the individual being tested in relation to the reference population and a detailed understanding of the sources of variation related to geographic, socioeconomic, environmental and genetic factors.

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Keywords : Pulmonary function, Race, Ethnicity, Socioeconomic status, Reference equation, Global lung initiative, History