Visual field testing represents the bedrock of the afferent visual pathway examination, and patterns of visual field loss provide clues to localization for many neurological conditions. Testing techniques may range from bedside confrontation to formal perimetry. Standard automated perimetry may be used to quantify the impact of structural pathology on visual function. Serial assessments may also be helpful in monitoring disease progression and gauging treatment response for many neurological disorders over time. This article reviews different visual field-testing techniques, discusses structure–functional relationships in the afferent visual pathway, and highlights an approach to using visual fields to localize neurologic diagnoses.