Biological Timekeeping - 05/09/12

Doi : 10.1016/j.jsmc.2012.06.001

Martha U. Gillette, PhD ^a,^b,^⁎ , Sabra M. Abbott, MD, PhD ^b,^c,^d, Jennifer M. Arnold ^b
^a Department of Cell & Developmental Biology and the Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 601 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
^b Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology and the College of Medicine, 407 S. Goodwin Avenue, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
^c Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
^d Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA

Corresponding author. Department of Cell & Developmental Biology and the Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 601 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801.

Resumen

This review explains the neurobiology of circadian timekeeping, describing what is known about the master pacemaker for circadian rhythmicity, how biologic systems provide input to the endogenous biologic timing, and how the pacemaker influences physiology and behavior. We discuss how the circadian system can adapt to a changing environment by resetting the circadian clock in the face of a variety of inputs. The genetics of circadian timekeeping are discussed, highlighting what is known about heritable disorders in circadian timing and how circadian genetics have been used to study timekeeping. The role of the clock in peripheral tissues is discussed.

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Keywords : Biological rhythms, Sleep, Circadian, Suprachiasmatic nucleus

Esquema

Circadian Clock Regulators

Genetics of circadian rhythms

Molecular clocks in diverse mammalian cells

Coupling of central and peripheral clocks

Summary

	A version of this article originally appeared in Sleep Medicine Clinics Volume 4, Issue 2.
	This work was supported by the following past and present grants from the National Institutes of Health: HL67007, HL086870, HL092571Z ARRA, NS22155, and NS35859 (MUG), F30 NS047802 and GM07143 (SMA), and GM007283 (JMA).