Ascending Infection : Acute Chorioamnionitis - 07/03/13

Doi : 10.1016/j.path.2012.11.002

Füsun Gündoğan, MD ^a,^b, Monique E. De Paepe, MD ^a,^b,^⁎
^a Department of Pathology, Women and Infants Hospital, 101 Dudley Street, Providence, RI 02905, USA
^b Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 222 Richmond Street, Providence, RI 02905, USA

Corresponding author. Department of Pathology, Women and Infants Hospital, 101 Dudley Street, Providence, RI 02905.

Abstract

Acute chorioamnionitis is a major cause of spontaneous preterm birth, accounting for more than 40% of deliveries complicated by preterm premature rupture of membranes or preterm labor. In the majority of cases, especially in preterm births, acute chorioamnionitis is caused by ascending polymicrobial infection. Recent evidence suggests that in some cases acute chorioamnionitis may have a noninfectious cause. In addition to the nonspecific patterns of conventional acute chorioamnionitis, this article describes characteristic inflammatory patterns indicative of a specific infectious cause. Several inflammatory entities of putative immunologic (noninfectious) etiology are addressed, including eosinophilic/T-cell vasculitis and chronic chorioamnionitis.

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Keywords : Amniotic infection, Amniotic fluid infection syndrome, Ascending infection, Funisitis, Chorionic vasculitis, Eosinophilic/T-cell vasculitis