Tuberculosis and Leprosy : Classical Granulomatous Diseases in the Twenty-First Century - 03/07/15

Doi : 10.1016/j.det.2015.03.016

David M. Scollard, MD, PhD ^a,^⁎ , Mara M. Dacso, MD, MS ^b,^c, Ma. Luisa Abad-Venida, MD, FPDS ^d
^a National Hansen’s Disease Programs, 1770 Physician Park Drive, Baton Rouge, LA 70816, USA
^b Center for Dermatology and Cosmetic Laser Surgery, 5026 Tennyson Parkway, Plano, TX 75024, USA
^c Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9069, USA
^d Department of Dermatology, Jose R. Reyes Memorial Medical Center, Rizal Avenue, Manila 1008, Philippines

^∗Corresponding author.

Resumen

Leprosy and tuberculosis are chronic mycobacterial infections that elicit granulomatous inflammation. Both infections are curable, but granulomatous injury to cutaneous structures, including cutaneous nerves in leprosy, may cause permanent damage. Both diseases are major global concerns: tuberculosis for its high prevalence and mortality, and leprosy for its persistent global presence and high rate of neuropathic disability. Cutaneous manifestations of both leprosy and tuberculosis are frequently subtle and challenging in dermatologic practice and often require a careful travel and social history and a high index of suspicion.

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Keywords : Granuloma, Atypical mycobacteria, Tuberculosis, Lupus vulgaris, Leprosy, Hansen disease, Leprosy reaction, Cell-mediated immunity