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GB-2 blocking the interaction between ACE2 and wild type and mutation of spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 - 18/09/21

Doi : 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112011 
Ming-Shao Tsai a, b, Yao-Hsu Yang c, d, Yu-Shih Lin e, Geng-He Chang a, b, f, Cheng-Ming Hsu a, b, Reming-Albert Yeh a, Li-Hsin Shu c, Yu-Ching Cheng a, c, Hung-Te Liu c, Yu-Huei Wu g, Yu-Heng Wu h, Rou-Chen Shen a, Ching-Yuan Wu c, d, i,
a Department of Otolaryngology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan 
b Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan 
c Department of Chinese Medicine, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan 
d School of Chinese medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan 
e Department of Pharmacy, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan 
f Health Information and Epidemiology Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan 
g Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan 
h Department of Electrical Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 
i Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan 

Correspondence to: Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi Branch, Putzu, Taiwan.Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial HospitalChiayi BranchPutzuTaiwan

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Abstract

Since the start of the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 in Wuhan, China, there have been more than 150 million confirmed cases of the disease reported to the World Health Organization. The beta variant (B.1.351 lineage), the mutation lineages of SARS-CoV-2, had increase transmissibility and resistance to neutralizing antibodies due to multiple mutations in the spike protein. N501Y, K417N and E484K, in the receptor binding domain (RBD) region may induce a conformational change of the spike protein and subsequently increase the infectivity of the beta variant. The L452R mutation in the epsilon variant (the B.1.427/B.1.429 variants) also reduced neutralizing activity of monoclonal antibodies. In this study, we discovered that 300 μg/mL GB-2, from Tian Shang Sheng Mu of Chiayi Puzi Peitian Temple, can inhibit the binding between ACE2 and wild-type (Wuhan type) RBD spike protein. GB-2 can inhibit the binding between ACE2 and RBD with K417N-E484K-N501Y mutation in a dose-dependent manner. GB-2 inhibited the binding between ACE2 and the RBD with a single mutation (K417N or N501Y or L452R) except the E484K mutation. In the compositions of GB-2, glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. ex DC., theaflavin and (+)-catechin cannot inhibit the binding between ACE2 and wild-type RBD spike protein. Theaflavin 3-gallate can inhibit the binding between ACE2 and wild-type RBD spike protein. Our results suggest that GB-2 could be a potential candidate for the prophylaxis of some SARS-CoV-2 variants infection in the further clinical study because of its inhibition of binding between ACE2 and RBD with K417N-E484K-N501Y mutations or L452R mutation.

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Graphical Abstract




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Highlights

GB-2 inhibit the binding between ACE2 and RBD with wild-type or triple mutation (K417N-E484K-N501Y).
GB-2 inhibit the binding between ACE2 and RBD with a single mutation (K417N or N501Y or L452R) except the E484K mutation.
Glycyrrhiza uralensis extract, theaflavin and (+)-catechin cannot inhibit the binding between ACE2 and wild-type RBD.
Theaflavin 3-gallate can inhibit the binding between ACE2 and wild-type RBD.
GB-2 and theaflavin 3-gallate are potential candidates for the prophylaxis of some SARS-CoV-2 variants.

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Abbreviations : ACE2, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, GU, T3G, RBD

Chemical compounds studied in this article : Theaflavin (Pubchem CID: 135403798), Theaflavin 3-gallate (Pubchem CID: 136825044), (+)-Catechin (Pubchem CID: 9064)

Keywords : SARS-CoV-2, Spike protein, GB-2, Beta variant, Epsilon variant


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