To demonstrate the feasibility of robot-assisted vesicourethral reconstruction. Vesicourethral anastomotic stricture following radical prostatectomy is a real challenge for reconstructive surgery when facing several endoscopic management failures.

This is a case series of robot-assisted vesicourethral reconstruction for anastomotic stricture failing endoscopic management. The procedure was performed with an extraperitoneal approach. The fibrotic anastomotic region was resected and a new vesicourethral running suture was performed with well-vascularized tissue. Bladder catheter was removed after 7 days.

Six procedures were performed from April 2013 to May 2018 at our department. One patient had a robot-assisted radical prostatectomy at our department; the 5 others were referred from other institutions after receiving open prostatectomies. Three patients had salvage radiation therapy before reconstruction. Mean age was of 73.8 years (68-82). There was no peroperative complication. Mean operative time was of 108 minutes (60-180)], with a mean estimated blood loss of 130 mL (50-300). After surgery, 3 patients presented recurrences managed endoscopically without recurrence after 3, 5, and 11 months. Three patients presented incontinence treated with artificial sphincter implantation. One patient had no residual symptom after 5 years of follow-up.

Robot-assisted vesicourethral reconstruction is a safe procedure. It is an option to consider when facing recurring anastomotic stricture following radical prostatectomy. It is an alternative to the perineal approach and an option before urinary diversion. Patients should be informed of the risks of incontinence and recurrence before surgery especially if they had radiation therapy.