Chronic pain (CP) is a highly disabling condition that affects approximately 50% of Veterans. Major depression cooccurs in up to 66% of CP patients and is associated with greater CP severity and poorer response to both pharmacological and non-pharmacological intervention compared to having CP alone. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is a mindfulness-based psychosocial intervention with demonstrated efficacy for the treatment of CP; however, comorbid depression significantly limits pain-related functional improvement observed in ACT trials. Repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is FDA-approved for the treatment of depression and has been shown to be helpful for individuals with depression and CP with regards to depression and pain intensity, respectively, but has less impact on function and pain disability. Therefore, combining ACT with rTMS may overcome the limitations of each of these treatments independently for individuals with comorbid CP and depression. The current study describes the protocol of an ongoing integrated rTMS and ACT intervention for Veterans with comorbid CP and depression. Study design, including the timing of sessions to capitalize on rTMS-induced neuroplasticity, and study methods, which consist of standard and ecological momentary assessment, cognitive control tasks with concurrent EEG, and quantitative sensory testing, will be discussed along with preliminary data from this ongoing trial. Department of Veterans Affairs RR&D Small Projects in Rehabilitation Research (SPiRE) (I21) 1 I21RX004090-01.