To treat men with bladder neck contracture (BNC) and stress urinary incontinence, neither long-term nor comparative data exist to support the superiority of simultaneous BNC intervention at the time of artificial urinary sphincter placement (synchronous) or staged BNC intervention followed by artificial urinary sphincter placement (asynchronous). This study aimed to compare the outcomes of patients treated with synchronous and asynchronous protocols.

Using a prospectively maintained quality improvement database, we identified all men between the years of 2001-2021 with a history of BNC and artificial urinary sphincter placement. Baseline patient characteristics and outcome measures were collected. Categorical data were assessed with Pearson’s Chi-square, and continuous data were assessed using independent sample t tests or the Wilcoxon Rank-Sum test.

In total, 112 men met the inclusion criteria. Thirty-two patients were treated synchronously, and 80 were treated asynchronously. There were no significant differences between groups across 15 relevant variables. Overall follow-up duration was 7.1 (2.8, 13.1) years. Three (9.3%) in the synchronous group and 13 (16.2%) in the asynchronous group experienced an erosion. There were no significant differences in frequency of erosion, time to erosion, artificial sphincter revision, time to revision, or BNC recurrence. BNC recurrences after artificial sphincter placement were treated with serial dilation with no early device failure or erosion.

Similar outcomes are achieved following synchronous and asynchronous treatment of BNC and stress urinary incontinence. Synchronous approaches should be considered safe and effective for men with stress urinary incontinence and BNC.