Safeguarding Vitality and Cognition: The Role of Sarcopenia in Intrinsic Capacity Decline Among Octogenarians From Multiple Cohorts - 15/05/24

Doi : 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100268

Pi-Shan Hsu ^a, Wei-Ju Lee ^b,^c,^d, Li-Ning Peng ^b,^e, Wan-Hsuan Lu ^f,^g, Lin-Chieh Meng ^h, Fei-Yuan Hsiao ^h,^i,^j,^⁎ , Liang-Kung Chen ^b,^e,^k,⁎
^a Veteran Hospital, Taiwan
^b Center for Healthy Longevity and Aging Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
^c Department of Geriatric Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
^d Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital Yuanshan Branch, Yi-Lan County, Taiwan
^e Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
^f Gerontopole of Toulouse, Institute of Ageing, Toulouse University Hospital (CHU Toulouse), Toulouse, France
^g Maintain Aging Research team, Centre d'Epidémiologie et de Recherche en santé des POPulations (CERPOP), Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
^h School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
ⁱ Graduate Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
^j Department of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
^k Taipei Municipal Gan-Dau Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan

^⁎Corresponding author.^⁎⁎Corresponding author at: Graduate Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, 33, Linsen S. Rd, Taipei 10050, Taiwan. Tel: 886-2-33668787.Graduate Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University33, Linsen S. RdTaipei10050Taiwan

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Abstract

Background

Sarcopenia and intrinsic capacity (IC) declines pose significant challenges to healthy aging, particularly in the rapidly growing octogenarian population. This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between sarcopenia and declines in IC across multiple cohorts of community-dwelling older adults.

Methods

Data from four Taiwanese cohorts were analyzed. Sarcopenia was diagnosed based on the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 criteria. IC was operationalized using the World Health Organization's Integrated Care for Older People (ICOPE) framework (step 1 and step 2), encompassing six domains: locomotion, vitality, vision, hearing, cognition, and psychological well-being. Multivariable logistic regression models were adopted to assess the association between sarcopenia and IC decline.

Results

Among 599 octogenarians (median age 82.2 years, 54.8% male), the prevalence of possible sarcopenia and sarcopenia was 64.6% and 27.7%, respectively. After adjusting for covariates, participants with possible sarcopenia or sarcopenia were more likely to exhibit declines in vitality (ICOPE Step 1: possible sarcopenia aOR 2.78, sarcopenia aOR 4.74; ICOPE Step 2: possible sarcopenia aOR 5.11, sarcopenia aOR 14.77) and cognition (ICOPE Step 1: possible sarcopenia aOR 1.92, sarcopenia aOR 2.12; ICOPE Step 2: possible sarcopenia aOR 2.02, sarcopenia aOR 2.51) compared to robust individuals.

Conclusions

This study underscores the robust association between sarcopenia and declines in vitality and cognition among octogenarians, highlighting the importance of sarcopenia screening and management in promoting healthy longevity in this vulnerable population.

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Keywords : Sarcopenia, Intrinsic Capacity, Octogenarians, Older adults, Cohort, Vitality and Cognition