Different Mechanisms Link Internalized Racism to Externalizing Symptomology Among Black American Adolescent Boys and Girls - 27/09/24
, Aminah Bradley-Pikes, BS a, Sycarah Fisher, PhD a, Steven M. Kogan, PhD a, bAbstract |
Objective |
Emerging research and theory suggests that the internalization of racist ideas and attitudes, internalized racism, poses a significant threat to Black American adolescents' and increases their risk of externalizing symptomology. Prospective, empirical research linking internalized racism to externalizing symptoms among Black American adolescents and the mechanisms explaining this link is scarce. We hypothesize that internalized racism will forecast externalizing symptoms indirectly, via effects on poor self-regulation and depressive symptoms. We also examine potential sex differences in the pathways linking internalized racism to externalizing symptoms.
Method |
A random sample of 445 Black American adolescents and their primary caregivers were recruited from 8 counties in rural Georgia. Participants provided survey data annually when adolescents were aged 13, 14, 15, and 16 years. Direct, indirect, and multigroup hypotheses were tested with structural equation modeling.
Results |
Internalized racism assessed at ages 13 and 14 years forecast increased externalizing at age 16, both directly, and indirectly, via increases in poor self-regulation and depressive symptoms. Sex moderated the indirect pathways linking internalized racism and externalizing. Poor self-regulation significantly mediated the path between internalized racism and externalizing symptoms among Black American male youth. Depressive symptoms significantly mediated the pathway between internalized racism and externalizing symptoms among Black American female adolescents.
Conclusion |
Findings suggest behavioral treatment directions for male and female Black American adolescents experiencing depressive symptoms.
Plain language summary |
Little is known about the influence of internalization of racist ideas and attitudes, often referred to as internalized racism, on Black youths’ development of externalizing symptoms. In this study, the authors surveyed 445 Black youths annually at ages 13, 14, 15, and 16 years. Internalized racism at ages 13 and 14 predicted increased externalizing symptoms at age 16. Among boys, depressive symptoms mediated the path between internalized racism and externalizing symptoms. Among girls, struggles with self-regulation mediated the path between internalized racism and externalizing symptoms.
Le texte complet de cet article est disponible en PDF.Key words : internalized racism, Black American adolescents, externalizing symptoms, self-regulation, depressive symptoms
Plan
| Dr. Kogan was a principal investigator of the grant in which this research was supported, Award Number R01AA021774 from the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism and was co-investigator on a second grant that supported this research, Award Number P50DA051361 from the National Institute on Drug Abuse. The content is solely the authors' responsibility and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, the National Institute on Drug Abuse, or the National Institutes of Health. |
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| All data for this study are stored on a secure data storage site. Deidentified data may be requested by qualified researchers under a data distribution agreement by contacting Dr. Steven Kogan at smkogan@uga.edu. |
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| This article is part of a special series devoted to addressing bias, bigotry, racism, and mental health disparities through research, practice, and policy. The 2023 Antiracism Team includes Deputy Editor Lisa R. Fortuna, MD, MPH, MDiv, Consulting Editor Andres J. Pumariega, MD, PhD, Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Emerging Leaders Fellows Tara Thompson-Felix, MD, and Amalia Londoño Tobón, MD, Assistant Editor Eraka Bath, MD, Deputy Editor Wanjikũ F.M. Njoroge, Associate Editor Robert R. Althoff, MD, PhD, and Editor-in-Chief Douglas K. Novins, MD. |
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| Ms. Reck and Dr. Kogan served as the statistical experts for this research. |
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| Author Contributions Conceptualization: Reck, Bradley-Pikes, Fisher, Kogan Formal analysis: Reck Funding acquisition: Kogan Investigation: Reck Methodology: Reck Project administration: Kogan Validation: Bradley-Pikes Visualization: Reck Writing – original draft: Reck Writing – review and editing: Reck, Bradley-Pikes, Fisher, Kogan |
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| Disclosure: Drs. Fisher and Kogan and Mss. Reck and Bradley-Pikes have reported no biomedical financial interests or potential conflicts of interest. |
Vol 63 - N° 10
P. 1005-1013 - octobre 2024 Retour au numéro
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