Anti-A and anti-B titers in A, B and O whole blood donors: Beyond “dangerous O” - 30/10/24
Highlights |
• | Prevalence of high titers for IgM anti-A was 12.2% and IgG anti-A was 2.5%, with lower prevalence for anti-B antibodies. |
• | Among blood donors, 14.1% of those with O blood groups were classified as Dangerous O, while 3.52% and 10.5% of donors with A and B blood groups, respectively, exhibited high titers. |
• | Significant associations were found between high titers and factors like female gender, vegetarian diet, age under 30 years, and O blood group. |
Abstract |
Background and Objectives |
Hemolytic transfusion reactions (HTRs) pose significant risks in transfused patients, with anti-A and anti-B antibodies in donor plasma being potential contributing factors. Despite advancements in component preparation, HTRs remain a concern, particularly with apheresis-derived platelets. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of high anti-A and anti-B titers among A, B, and O blood group donors and to explore factors associated with high titers.
Materials and Methods |
A cross-sectional observational study was conducted over 18 months, enrolling 978 participants from a tertiary care teaching hospital in Western India. Anti-A and anti-B titers were determined using the Conventional Tube Technique (CTT). Statistical analysis assessed correlations between high titers and demographic factors.
Results |
The majority of participants were young males (98.8%). Prevalence of high titers for IgM anti-A was 12.2% and IgG anti-A was 2.5%. For anti-B, IgM titers were 2.3% and IgG titers were 0.2%. The prevalence of dangerous O was found to be 14.1%, while 3.52% and 10.5% of A and B blood group donors were found to have high titers, respectively. Factors associated with high titers included female gender, vegetarian diet, age <30 years, and O blood group.
Conclusion |
The study sheds additional light and provides supplementary information regarding the prevalence and correlation of high anti-A and anti-B titers among O, A and B blood donors. Understanding these factors is crucial for optimizing transfusion safety protocols, including selective screening of platelet units and tailored transfusion strategies based on donor characteristics.
Le texte complet de cet article est disponible en PDF.Keywords : Anti-A titers, Anti-B titers, Antibody titration, Dangerous O, High titer anti-A, High titer anti-B
Plan
Vol 31 - N° 4
P. 195-200 - novembre 2024 Retour au numéroBienvenue sur EM-consulte, la référence des professionnels de santé.
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