FIVE-YEAR REVIEW OF ACUTE TRANSFUSION REACTIONS AND TRANSFUSION ERRORS AT A TERTIARY CENTER - 30/04/25

Doi : 10.1016/j.tracli.2025.04.008

Tuğcan ALP KIRKIZLAR ^⁎
Trakya University Medical Faculty, Department of Hematology, Transfusion and Hemovigilance Unit, Edirne, Turkey

^⁎Corresponding author at: Trakya University Medical Faculty, Department of Hematology, Balkan Campus, 22030, Edirne, TurkeyTrakya University Medical FacultyDepartment of HematologyBalkan CampusEdirne22030Turkey

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Highlights

•	Acute transfusion reactions are rare but still significant and should not be overlooked.
•	The most common transfusion reactions were allergic reactions and were usually associated with red blood cell.
•	All of the ABO incompatible transfusions were due to human error.
•	There is still a need to increase awareness of transfusion safety and preventable errors in transfusion practice.

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Abstract

Aim

Although blood transfusion is a life-saving procedure, it is associated with a number of preventable and unpreventable transfusion reactions. Transfusion errors account for the majority of preventable causes. The aim of our study was to determine the frequency and characteristics of acute transfusion reactions (ATR) and preventable transfusion errors in our center.

Methods

Data on transfusion reactions and transfusions administered between January 2019 and December 2023 were collected retrospectively from reported transfusion reaction forms and transfusion center records.

Results

Among 163.114 transfusion administered, 116 (0.071%) acute transfusion reactions were reported (71.1 reaction per 100.000 transfusion). The most common type of ATR was allergic reactions and the most common blood product associated with reaction was red blood cell (RBC). The ABO incompatible RBC transfusion due to human error rate is 1.22/100.000 per transfusion. None of the reactions resulted in death.

Conclusion

In our study, the incidence and type of transfusion reactions are similar to the literature. However, the incidence of transfusion of ABO incompatible RBC due to human error is slightly higher than the reported rates. In addition to raising awareness about reporting, immediate action should be taken by closely monitoring transfusion errors especially during pre-transfusion safety.

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Keywords : acute transfusion reactions, preventable, ABO incompatible, transfusion error