Trichophyton rubrum is a highly prevalent dermatophyte re for superficial mycoses affecting keratinized tissues such as skin, hair and nails. Its ability to colonize these tissues is attributed to its keratolytic activity and adaptability to different environmental conditions.

This retrospective study included cases of dermatophytosis caused by Trichophyton rubrum diagnosed at the Parasitology-Mycology Laboratory of the Mohammed VI University Hospital in Oujda over a period of four and a half years, from January 7, 2020, to July 7, 2024. Each sample was examined by direct microscopy after clarification with 30 % KOH and cultured on Sabouraud media at 25 °C.

This study aims to investigate the epidemiological and mycological characteristics of patients diagnosed with Trichophyton rubrum dermatophytosis.

Trichophyton rubrum dermatophytosis was mycologically confirmed in 287 of the 1328 samples received during the study period. The mean age of our patients was 52 years, with extremes ranging from 7 to 98 years. Our series was characterized by a M/F sex ratio of 1. Onychomycosis represented 67.8 % of all collected samples. Among the affected patients, 168 cases (58.74 %) involved onychomycosis of the feet, while 25 cases (8.74 %) involved onychomycosis of the hands. Additionally, 71 patients (24.83 %) presented with scales, and 22 patients (7.69 %) exhibited intertrigo. Among all collected samples, 68.64 % were positive on direct examination after clarification with KOH 30 %.

Trichophyton rubrum is the most widespread dermatophyte worldwide. Direct examination and mycological culture are complementary techniques for accurate diagnosis. Further epidemiological studies across Morocco are needed for meaningful comparisons.