Changes in Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability Over Time in Middle-Aged Men and Women in the General Population (from the Whitehall II Cohort Study) - 16/08/11
, Martin Shipley, MSc a, Marek Malik, MD b, Katerina Hnatkova, PhD b, Harry Hemingway, MD a, Mlichael Marmot, MD a
Corresponding author: Tel: 44-20-7679-5626; fax: 44-20-7813-0242.Résumé |
Previous cross-sectional studies have shown that heart rate (HR) and HR variability (HRV) are influenced by several behavioral, biologic, and psychosocial factors. There are very few longitudinal studies that enable analyses of changes in HRV over time at an individual level. This study aimed to describe changes in HR and HRV in a general population setting and to determine predictors of HR and HRV at follow-up. From 1997 to 2004, 1,999 participants (29% women) in the United Kingdom Whitehall II Cohort Study had 2 measurements of cardiac autonomic function (mean time between measurements 5.47 years, range 4.07 to 6.93). The mean ± SD age at the first measurement was 55.6 ± 6.0 years. At baseline, men showed higher low-frequency power than women, suggesting that they may have higher sympathetic activity. Conversely, women had higher high-frequency power, indicating higher parasympathetic tone. Over the 5-year follow-up period, men and women had decreases in HR. Men had reductions in HRV in time and frequency dimensions, whereas women showed increases in HRV. In conclusion, the probability of being in the adverse quartile of HRV function and HR at follow-up was related to baseline exercise, body mass index, cholesterol, and blood pressure.
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| The Whitehall II Cohort Study was supported by grants from the Medical Research Council, London; the Economic and Social Research Council, Swindon; the British Heart Foundation, London; the Health and Safety Executive, London; and the Department of Health, London, United Kingdom; the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (HL36310); the National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland (AG13196); and the Agency for Health Care Policy Research, Rockville, Maryland (HS06516); and the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation Research Networks on Successful Midlife Development and Socioeconomic Status and Health, Chicago, Illinois. Dr. Malik is supported by a Medical Research Council Research Professorship. Drs. Britton and Shipley were supported by the British Heart Foundation. |
Vol 100 - N° 3
P. 524-527 - août 2007 Retour au numéro
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