: In view of the recent trend towards more minor surgery being carried out in general practice we decided to conduct a postal survey to assess the level of knowledge of sterilization and disinfection and the use of benchtop sterilizers in general practice in Northern Ireland. The survey, of all 366 practices in the Province, was carried out in January/March 1998. One hundred and eleven (30%) completed questionnaires were returned. All practices performed at least one of a range of procedures requiring sterilization or disinfection, e.g., minor surgery 95%, cervical smear taking 98%, syringing of ears 98%. Only 76% of practices had a benchtop sterilizer and 39% did not have access to a sterile supply department (SSD); 32% of the latter had no desire to utilize such a service. Only 25% and 34% correctly identified the Medical Devices Agency (MDA) definitions of sterilization and disinfection respectively. The MDA Device Bulletin on benchtop sterilizers had been read by only 26% of respondents. There was an 86% interest in attending a workshop on sterilization and disinfection. The concepts and practice of sterilization and disinfection appear not to be clearly understood. We conclude that resources must be identified to provide appropriate education in this important area for primary care staff.