Visual Function of Moderately Hyperopic 4- and 5-Year-Old Children in the Vision in Preschoolers – Hyperopia in Preschoolers Study - 12/10/16
, Marjean Taylor Kulp b, Maureen G. Maguire c, Maxwell Pistilli c, T. Rowan Candy d, Bruce Moore e, Gui-shuang Ying c, Graham Quinn f, Gale Orlansky a, Lynn Cyert gon behalf of the
Vision In Preschoolers - Hyperopia In Preschoolers (VIP-HIP) Study Group Writing Committee
Abstract |
Purpose |
To compare visual performance between emmetropic and uncorrected moderately hyperopic preschool-age children without strabismus or amblyopia.
Design |
Cross-sectional study.
Methods |
setting: Multicenter, institutional. patient or study population: Children aged 4 or 5 years. intervention or observation procedures: Visual functions were classified as normal or reduced for each child based on the 95% confidence interval for emmetropic individuals. Hyperopic (≥3.0 diopters [D] to ≤6.0 D in the most hyperopic meridian; astigmatism ≤1.50 D; anisometropia ≤1.0 D) and emmetropic status were determined by cycloplegic autorefraction. main outcome measures: Uncorrected monocular distance and binocular near visual acuity (VA); accommodative response; and near random dot stereoacuity.
Results |
Mean (± standard deviation) logMAR distance visual acuity (VA) among 248 emmetropic children was better than among 244 hyperopic children for the better (0.05 ± 0.10 vs 0.14 ± 0.11, P < .001) and worse eyes (0.10 ± 0.11 vs 0.19 ± 0.10, P < .001). Mean binocular logMAR near VA was better in emmetropic than in hyperopic children (0.13 ± 0.11 vs 0.21 ± 0.11, P < .001). Mean accommodative response for emmetropic children was lower than for hyperopic subjects for both Monocular Estimation Method (1.03 ± 0.51 D vs 2.03 ± 1.03 D, P < .001) and Grand Seiko (0.46 ± 0.45 D vs 0.99 ± 1.0 D, P < .001). Median near stereoacuity was better in emmetropic than in than hyperopic children (40 sec arc vs 120 sec arc, P < .001). The average number of reduced visual functions was lower in emmetropic than in hyperopic children (0.19 vs 1.0, P < .001).
Conclusions |
VA, accommodative response, and stereoacuity were significantly reduced in moderate uncorrected hyperopic preschool children compared to emmetropic subjects. Those with higher hyperopia (≥4 D to ≤6 D) were at greatest risk, although more than half of children with lower magnitudes (≥3 D to <4 D) demonstrated 1 or more reductions in function.
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Vol 170
P. 143-152 - octobre 2016 Retour au numéro
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