Teenage Parenthood and Birth Rates for Individuals With and Without Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Nationwide Cohort Study - 06/10/17
, Søren Dalsgaard, MD, PhD b, Stephen V. Faraone, PhD c, Trine Munk-Olsen, PhD d, Thomas M. Laursen, PhD eAbstract |
Objective |
Prior studies have established that attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with risky sexual behavior, but it remains unknown whether individuals with ADHD also are more likely to become parents while being teenagers. This aspect is clinically relevant because teenage parenthood is associated with adverse outcomes for parents and children. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to investigate whether individuals with ADHD would be more likely to become teenage parents compared with individuals without ADHD.
Method |
This is a historical prospective cohort study based on nationwide data from Danish registers. The cohort consisted of all individuals (N = 2,698,052) born in Denmark from January 1, 1960 through December 31, 2001. The association between ADHD (n = 27,479 cases) and parenthood (first child) in age intervals of 12 to 16, 17 to 19, 20 to 24, 25 to 29, 30 to 34, 35 to 39, and 40 years and above was investigated by Poisson regression and expressed as incidence rate ratios (IRRs) with accompanying 95% CIs. IRRs can be interpreted as relative risks.
Results |
Compared with individuals without ADHD, those with ADHD were significantly more likely to become parents at 12 to 16 years of age (IRR for females 3.62, 95% CI 2.14–6.13; IRR for males 2.30, 95% CI 1.27–4.17) and at 17 to 19 years of age (IRR for females 1.94, 95% CI 1.62–2.33; IRR for males 2.27, 95% CI 1.90–2.70).
Conclusion |
Individuals with ADHD are significantly more likely to become teenage parents compared with individuals without ADHD. Therefore, it might be appropriate to target this group with an intervention program that includes sexual education and contraceptive counseling.
Le texte complet de cet article est disponible en PDF.Key words : attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, parenthood, birth rate
Plan
| This article was reviewed under and accepted by Ad Hoc Editor James F. Leckman, MD. |
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| The study is supported by a grant from the Lundbeck Foundation. The funding body had no influence on the study design; the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; writing of the report; and the decision to submit the article for publication. |
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| Dr. Østergaard is supported by a grant from the Lundbeck Foundation. Dr. Faraone is supported by the K.G. Jebsen Centre for Research on Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway, the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for Research, Technological Development and Demonstration under grant 602805, the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant 667302, and National Institute of Mental Health grant 5R01MH101519. |
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| Dr. Laursen served as the statistical expert for this research. |
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| Disclosure: During the past 2 years, Dr. Faraone has received income, potential income, travel expenses, continuing education support, and/or research support from Lundbeck, Rhodes, Arbor, KenPharm, Ironshore, Shire, Akili Interactive Labs, CogCubed, Alcobra, VAYA, Sunovion, Genomind, and Neurolifesciences. With his institution, he has U.S. patent US20130217707 A1 for the use of sodium-hydrogen exchange inhibitors in the treatment of ADHD. In previous years, he has received support from Shire, Neurovance, Alcobra, Otsuka, McNeil, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, and Eli Lilly and Co. He has received royalties from books published by Guilford Press (Straight Talk About Your Child’s Mental Health), Oxford University Press (Schizophrenia: The Facts), and Elsevier (ADHD: Non-Pharmacologic Interventions). He is principal investigator of www.adhdinadults.com. Drs. Østergaard, Dalsgaard, Munk-Olsen, and Laursen report no biomedical financial interests or potential conflicts of interest. |
Vol 56 - N° 7
P. 578 - juillet 2017 Retour au numéro
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